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Wohnkosten und materielles Wohlergehen von Familien – Analyse der Wohnkostensituation und damit zusammenhängender Wohlfahrtsvorteile

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  • Susanne Elsas
  • Annika Rinklake

Abstract

Housing costs account for a large share of household expenditures, and vary widely among households of different size and structure. Despite this, they have received little attention in family reporting, so far. This paper aims to fill this gap by analyzing the housing cost situation and welfare gains that result from cost-reduced housing in the same categories as applied for family reporting. For this purpose, both an objective measure of housing cost burden and the subjectively assessed burden are described for households in Germany in the years 2018/19. Based on this, welfare gains resulting from cost-reduced housing are mapped and their influence on the income distribution is illustrated using the at-risk-of-poverty rate. Results show that single parents, couples with younger children and, to some extent, people living alone face higher objective and subjective housing cost burdens due to their housing and income situation. Accordingly, when the housing cost situation is taken into account, the at-risk-of-poverty rates for households with children increase slightly while the at-risk-of-poverty rates for single and couple households without children slightly decrease. Thus, considering the welfare gains of cost-reduced housing provides additional insights for welfare analyses in the context of family reporting. Wohnkosten machen einen großen Teil der Ausgaben der Haushalte und Familien aus, und variieren zwischen Haushalten unterschiedlicher Größe und Struktur stark. Trotzdem werden sie in der Familienberichterstattung bisher wenig thematisiert. Die vorliegende Arbeit will diese Lücke schließen, indem sie die Wohnkostensituation und Wohlfahrtsvorteile, die sich durch kostenreduziertes Wohnen ergeben, in Kategorien der Familienberichterstattung analysiert. Dafür werden sowohl die objektive Wohnkostenbelastung als auch die subjektiv eingeschätzte Belastung in Deutschland für die Jahre 2018/19 beschrieben. Darauf aufbauend werden die Wohlfahrtsvorteile, die sich durch kostenreduziertes Wohnen ergeben, abgebildet und ihr Einfluss auf die Einkommensverteilung am Beispiel der Armutsgefährdungsquote illustriert. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass Alleinerziehende, Paare mit jüngeren Kindern und teilweise auch Alleinlebende aufgrund ihrer Wohn- und Einkommenssituation stärker belastet sind. Entsprechend steigen bei Berücksichtigung der Wohnkostensituation die Armutsgefährdungsquoten für Haushalte mit Kindern leicht; die Armutsgefährdungsquoten für Alleinlebende und Paarhaushalte ohne Kinder sinken leicht. Die Berücksichtigung der Wohlfahrtsvorteile durch kostenreduziertes Wohnen liefert demnach zusätzliche Erkenntnisse für die Wohlfahrtsanalysen im Rahmen der Familienberichterstattung.

Suggested Citation

  • Susanne Elsas & Annika Rinklake, 2022. "Wohnkosten und materielles Wohlergehen von Familien – Analyse der Wohnkostensituation und damit zusammenhängender Wohlfahrtsvorteile," SOEPpapers on Multidisciplinary Panel Data Research 1169, DIW Berlin, The German Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP).
  • Handle: RePEc:diw:diwsop:diw_sp1169
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    References listed on IDEAS

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