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Le Sénégal face au défi démographique

Author

Listed:
  • Agnès Adjamagbo

    (Laboratoire Population-Environnement-Développement,UMR IRD-Université de Provence 151)

  • Philippe Antoine

    (DIAL, IRD, Dakar)

Abstract

(English) During the last decades, Senegal has experienced a demographic transition because of the drop of the mortality rate, increase of the life expectancy, and reduction of the fecundity. This transition has started with the urban educated upper class, and it is progressively affecting the uneducated and rural classes. Despite this demographic shift, the population is rapidly growing and may double within 25 years at this current growth rate. The demographic transition has occurred during intense economic and social change. Growing urbanization, loss of employment condition, structural adjustment, weakening population, and demographic shift characterize the Senegalese society of today. The actions taken since the end of the 80’s in order to curb the population growth have not been successful yet. The Senegalese’s government will continue to face a growing demand for social benefits. _________________________________ (français) Le Sénégal a connu au cours des dernières décennies une transition démographique résultat d’importants progrès en matière de recul de la mortalité et d’allongement de l’espérance de vie ainsi que d’une baisse de la fécondité. Cette dernière, amorcée dans les couches sociales éduquées et urbanisées touche désormais les populations moins instruites et s’étend progressivement au milieu rural. Pourtant, la population continue de croître à une vitesse très rapide qui, si elle se maintient, conduirait à un doublement de la population en un quart de siècle. La transition démographique s’est réalisée dans un contexte d’intenses changements économique et social. L’urbanisation croissante, la dégradation des conditions d’emploi, l’ajustement structurel, l’appauvrissement de la population, tous ces phénomènes interagissent avec les événements démographiques pour dresser les contours de la société sénégalaise d’aujourd’hui. Les mesures politiques adoptées depuis la fin des années 1980 pour infléchir la croissance de la population n’ont pas encore pleinement fait leurs preuves. Les effets les plus marquants des politiques sont certainement à venir et pour le gouvernement la question de la prise en charge d’une demande sociale sans cesse grandissante restera encore longtemps d’actualité.

Suggested Citation

  • Agnès Adjamagbo & Philippe Antoine, 2002. "Le Sénégal face au défi démographique," Working Papers DT/2002/07, DIAL (Développement, Institutions et Mondialisation).
  • Handle: RePEc:dia:wpaper:dt200207
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    Cited by:

    1. Sandrine Mesplé-Somps & Anne-Sophie Robilliard, 2010. "Etude sur la croissance partagée au Sénégal 2001-2005," PSE - G-MOND WORKING PAPERS halshs-00966347, HAL.
    2. repec:dau:papers:123456789/4710 is not listed on IDEAS

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