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DeFi: data-driven characterisation of Uniswap v3 ecosystem & an ideal crypto law for liquidity pools

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  • Deborah Miori
  • Mihai Cucuringu

Abstract

Uniswap is a Constant Product Market Maker built around liquidity pools, where pairs of tokens are exchanged subject to a fee that is proportional to the size of transactions. At the time of writing, there exist more than 6,000 pools associated with Uniswap v3, implying that empirical investigations on the full ecosystem can easily become computationally expensive. Thus, we propose a systematic workflow to extract and analyse a meaningful but computationally tractable sub-universe of liquidity pools. Leveraging on the 34 pools found relevant for the six-months time window January-June 2022, we then investigate the related liquidity consumption behaviour of market participants. We propose to represent each liquidity taker by a suitably constructed transaction graph, which is a fully connected network where nodes are the liquidity taker's executed transactions, and edges contain weights encoding the time elapsed between any two transactions. We extend the NLP-inspired graph2vec algorithm to the weighted undirected setting, and employ it to obtain an embedding of the set of graphs. This embedding allows us to extract seven clusters of liquidity takers, with equivalent behavioural patters and interpretable trading preferences. We conclude our work by testing for relationships between the characteristic mechanisms of each pool, i.e. liquidity provision, consumption, and price variation. We introduce a related ideal crypto law, inspired from the ideal gas law of thermodynamics, and demonstrate that pools adhering to this law are healthier trading venues in terms of sensitivity of liquidity and agents' activity. Regulators and practitioners could benefit from our model by developing related pool health monitoring tools.

Suggested Citation

  • Deborah Miori & Mihai Cucuringu, 2022. "DeFi: data-driven characterisation of Uniswap v3 ecosystem & an ideal crypto law for liquidity pools," Papers 2301.13009, arXiv.org, revised Jan 2023.
    • Handle: RePEc:arx:papers:2301.13009
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Robin Fritsch & Samuel Kaser & Roger Wattenhofer, 2022. "The Economics of Automated Market Makers," Papers 2206.04634, arXiv.org.
    2. Hugo Inzirillo & Stanislas de Quenetain, 2022. "Managing Risk in DeFi Portfolios," Papers 2205.14699, arXiv.org, revised Sep 2022.
    3. Igor Makarov & Antoinette Schoar, 2022. "Cryptocurrencies and Decentralized Finance (DeFi)," NBER Working Papers 30006, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    4. Lioba Heimbach & Ye Wang & Roger Wattenhofer, 2021. "Behavior of Liquidity Providers in Decentralized Exchanges," Papers 2105.13822, arXiv.org, revised Oct 2021.
    5. Jan Arvid Berg & Robin Fritsch & Lioba Heimbach & Roger Wattenhofer, 2022. "An Empirical Study of Market Inefficiencies in Uniswap and SushiSwap," Papers 2203.07774, arXiv.org, revised May 2022.
    6. Lioba Heimbach & Eric Schertenleib & Roger Wattenhofer, 2022. "Risks and Returns of Uniswap V3 Liquidity Providers," Papers 2205.08904, arXiv.org, revised Sep 2022.
    7. Lawrence Hubert & Phipps Arabie, 1985. "Comparing partitions," Journal of Classification, Springer;The Classification Society, vol. 2(1), pages 193-218, December.
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    Cited by:

    1. Georg Menz & Moritz Vo{ss}, 2023. "Aggregation of financial markets," Papers 2309.04116, arXiv.org.

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