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Wheat Futures Trading Volume Forecasting and the Value of Extended Trading Hours

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  • Janzen, Joseph
  • Legrand, Nicolas

Abstract

Electronic trading in modern commodity markets has extended trading hours, lowered barriers to listing new contracts, broadened participation internationally, and encouraged entry of new trader types, particularly algorithmic traders whose order execution is automated. This paper seeks to understand how these forces have shaped the quantity and timing of trading activity, using the world's multiple wheat futures markets as a laboratory. To do so, we extend existing models for forecasting trading volume found in the literature on volume weighted average price (VWAP) order execution (e.g. Bialkowski, et al 2008 and Humphery-Jenner 2011) to applications beyond trading algorithm design. We consider a setting with multiple trading venues for related commodities, specifically the front-month Chicago Mercantile Exchange Soft Red Wheat and Paris Euronext Milling Wheat futures contracts. We compare a series of nested forecasting models to infer whether past trading history, intraday volume dynamics, cross market trading activity, and other information are useful predictors of trading activity. We assess the value of extended trading hours and the existence of alternative trading venues by testing whether trading volume is more predictable at particular times throughout the trading day.
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  • Janzen, Joseph & Legrand, Nicolas, 2019. "Wheat Futures Trading Volume Forecasting and the Value of Extended Trading Hours," 2019 Annual Meeting, July 21-23, Atlanta, Georgia 290798, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association.
    • Handle: RePEc:ags:aaea19:290798
    DOI: 10.22004/ag.econ.290798
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    as
    1. Bialkowski, Jedrzej & Darolles, Serge & Le Fol, Gaëlle, 2008. "Improving VWAP strategies: A dynamic volume approach," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 32(9), pages 1709-1722, September.
    2. Berkowitz, Stephen A & Logue, Dennis E & Noser, Eugene A, Jr, 1988. " The Total Cost of Transactions on the NYSE," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 43(1), pages 97-112, March.
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    Demand and Price Analysis;

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