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Book Review: Samuel Bowles The Moral Economy: Why Good Incentives Are No Substitute for Good Citizens, Reviewed by: Javed Ahmad Khan مراجعة علمية لكتاب: الاقتصاد الأخلاقي: لماذا الحوافز الجيدة ليست بديلاً للمواطنين الجيدين - المؤلف: سامويل باولز - مراجعة : جاويد أحمد خان

Author

Listed:
  • Javed Ahmad Khan

    (Professor, Centre for West Asian Studies Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India)

Abstract

The words ‘moral’ and ‘economy’ originated in the classical intellectual world and in Aristotle’s social theory; besides the politics and ethics, economy was the third domain of practical philosophy where excessive profit making and charging of interest were not the moral practices. However, in the middle of the eighteenth century, the ‘moral economy’ got separated from the morality, and turned out to be simply a religious concept. Defining the moral economy in the 21st century on the basis of goodness, fairness, and justice is something perplexing for the proponents of market economies. But can we ignore the moral basis in our ‘ordinary business’ of life? The book under review, The Moral Economy by Samuel Bowles raises several questions in this regard and tries to show that our basic human goodness is more effective in decision making than the financial incentives. The strength of this book lies in its using different case studies and behavioral experiments with evidence-based arguments on the workable economic and financial world of the 21st century. Islamic economics is based on morality and ethics. Thus, the purpose behind the review of this path breaking work is to understand its relevance to Islamic economics that has emerged as a new paradigm in recent decades. نشأت الكلمات "الأخلاق" و "الاقتصاد" في عالم الفكر الكلاسيكي وفي النظرية الاجتماعية لأرسطو؛ إلى جانب السياسة والأخلاقيات (ethics)، كان الاقتصاد هو المجال الثالث للفلسفة العملية أو التطبيقية، حيث كان يُنظر إلى الإفراط في تحقيق الربح والتعامل بالربا كممارسات غير أخلاقية. ومع ذلك، ففي منتصف القرن الثامن عشر، انفصل "الاقتصاد الأخلاقي" عن الأخلاق، وأصبحت الأخلاق مجرد مفهوم ديني. إن محاولة تعريف الاقتصاد الأخلاقي في القرن الحادي والعشرين على أساس الخير، والعدالة، والوسطية أمر "مثير للحيرة" بالنسبة لأنصار اقتصاديات السوق (الاقتصاد الليبرالي). لكن هل يمكننا تجاهل الأسس الأخلاقية في "أعمالنا العادية" في الحياة؟ إن الكتاب قيد المراجعة، "الاقتصاد الأخلاقي" لساموئيل باولز يثير العديد من الأسئلة في هذا الصدد، ويحاول أن يوضح أن الخيرية الأساسية المرتكزة في الفطر الإنسانية أكثر فاعلية في صنع القرار من الحوافز المالية. تكمن قوة الكتاب في استخدامه لدراسة حالات مختلفة ولتجارب سلوكية متنوعة مع حجج مستندة إلى أدلة مستمدة من عالم الاقتصاد والمال القابل للتطبيق في القرن الواحد والعشرين. يعتمد الاقتصاد الإسلامي على الأخلاق والقيم. ولذا، فإن الهدف من وراء مراجعة هذا الكتاب هو فهم علاقته بالاقتصاد الإسلامي التي برزت كنموذج جديد في العقود الأخيرة.

Suggested Citation

  • Javed Ahmad Khan, 2018. "Book Review: Samuel Bowles The Moral Economy: Why Good Incentives Are No Substitute for Good Citizens, Reviewed by: Javed Ahmad Khan مراجعة علمية لكتاب: الاقتصاد الأخلاقي: لماذا الحوافز الجيدة ليست بد," Book reviews and book reports published in the Journal of King Abdulaziz University: Islamic Economics. 673, King Abdulaziz University, Islamic Economics Institute..
  • Handle: RePEc:abd:jkaubr:673
    DOI: 10.4197/Islec.31-2.11
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Bowles,Samuel, 2012. "The New Economics of Inequality and Redistribution," Cambridge Books, Cambridge University Press, number 9781107601604.
    2. Bowles,Samuel, 2012. "The New Economics of Inequality and Redistribution," Cambridge Books, Cambridge University Press, number 9781107014039.
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