Policy and Improper Management of the Dams realized by Local Materials with Possible Risk in Exploitation

The present paper presents a study case of improper rehabilitation and inefficient management of the water volume from two hydropower lakes, with dams realized by local materials. Romania has hydraulic potential, water being one of the most available resources. Realization of dams by local materials represents one of the most economic and efficient solutions, well used at large scale in Romania during ‘80. In this article is presented a study-case with two dams improperly executed and maintained. Nowadays, local authorities are confronted with infiltration and erosion appeared into both lateral sides of the dikes. The article structured into seven parts intends to cover some theoretical and practical aspects referring to the exploitation and modeling of the appeared problems. The dam execution was not correlated with the local geographic conditions, climatic parameters, soils and water characteristics, but mainly with the basic geologic considerations. The numerical model was calibrated based on these observations. Some mathematical aspects, based on three theoretical models of infiltration through materials with different shapes, characteristics, and dimensions are scheduled. The flow through cross-sections is a permanent flow, due to constant infiltration. Some obtained results for infiltration velocities and streamlines are illustrated. Several proposed and tested solutions to reduce the erosion and infiltration and to optimize the management of the lake are mentioned in sixth part. The conducted study is a request of local authorities, in order to improve the performance of these hydropower lakes. Finally, the paper ends with some discussions, conclusions, and references.