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From the culture of poverty to inclusive cities: re-framing urban policy and politics

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  • Jo Beall

    (Department of Social Policy, London School of Economics, London, UK)

Abstract

During the early development decades the urban poor were seen as an aberration or an underclass, victims of their own apathy and modest expectations (Lewis, 1961). Today they are more likely to be seen as heroic (De Soto, 1989) or as crucial contributors to inclusive cities (UNCHS (Habitat), 1999). By looking first at urbanization trends and the rise in urban poverty, this article reviews how urban social disadvantage has been variously understood, tracing shifts in analytical emphasis and policy consequences over the last half century. It explores the implications for urban policy and politics of the increasing focus on social exclusion and inclusion, in particular whether a social exclusion perspective affords a better opportunity for addressing issues of inequalities manifest at the level of the city. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Suggested Citation

  • Jo Beall, 2000. "From the culture of poverty to inclusive cities: re-framing urban policy and politics," Journal of International Development, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 12(6), pages 843-856.
    • Handle: RePEc:wly:jintdv:v:12:y:2000:i:6:p:843-856
    DOI: 10.1002/1099-1328(200008)12:6<843::AID-JID713>3.0.CO;2-G
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. A.B. Atkinson & John Hills, 1998. "Exclusion, Employment and Opportunity," CASE Papers 004, Centre for Analysis of Social Exclusion, LSE.
    2. R. Hirschowitz, 1989. "The Other Path: The Invisible Revolution in the Third World1," South African Journal of Economics, Economic Society of South Africa, vol. 57(4), pages 266-272, December.
    3. Moser, Caroline O. N., 1998. "The asset vulnerability framework: Reassessing urban poverty reduction strategies," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 26(1), pages 1-19, January.
    4. Grown, Caren A. & Sebstad, Jennefer, 1989. "Introduction: Toward a wider perspective on women's employment," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 17(7), pages 937-952, July.
    5. A.B. Atkinson & John Hills, 1998. "Exclusion, Employment and Opportunity," CASE Papers case04, Centre for Analysis of Social Exclusion, LSE.
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    Cited by:

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    2. Hodjat Shakiba & Sohrab Delangizan & Yosef Mohamadifar, 2022. "Inclusive urban entrepreneurial ecosystem policies: An application of the meta‐synthesis approach," Poverty & Public Policy, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 14(4), pages 342-380, December.
    3. Gutberlet, Jutta, 2008. "Empowering collective recycling initiatives: Video documentation and action research with a recycling co-op in Brazil," Resources, Conservation & Recycling, Elsevier, vol. 52(4), pages 659-670.
    4. Kamna Patel, 2016. "Sowing the seeds of conflict? Low income housing delivery, community participation and inclusive citizenship in South Africa," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 53(13), pages 2738-2757, October.
    5. Menna Tudwal Jones, 2019. "Framing regeneration: Embracing the inhabitants," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 56(9), pages 1901-1917, July.
    6. Karine Duplan, 2023. "What Would an Inclusive City for Gender and Sexual Minorities Be Like? You Need to Ask Queer Folx!," Social Inclusion, Cogitatio Press, vol. 11(3), pages 138-149.
    7. Gunter Ashley & Massey Ruth, 2017. "Renting Shacks: Tenancy in the informal housing sector of the Gauteng Province, South Africa," Bulletin of Geography. Socio-economic Series, Sciendo, vol. 37(37), pages 25-34, September.
    8. Dan Ye & Jingxiang Zhang & Guoliang Xu, 2017. "Peripherization of Indemnificatory Housing Community under Land-Centered Urban Transformation: The Case of Nanjing, China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 9(4), pages 1-14, April.

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