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Do Accounting Firm Consulting Revenues Affect Audit Quality? Evidence from the Pre‐ and Post‐SOX Eras

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  • Ling Lei Lisic
  • Linda A. Myers
  • Robert Pawlewicz
  • Timothy A. Seidel

Abstract

In recent years, public accounting firms have experienced a steady increase in the proportion of their revenues generated from consulting services. Although growth in consulting revenue following the Sarbanes‐Oxley Act (SOX) has been generated primarily from services provided to nonaudit clients, regulators have expressed concerns about the potential implications of this increase for audit quality. In contrast, accounting firms assert that the expertise developed by their consulting professionals helps them to provide better quality audits. We examine the relation between the proportion of accounting firm consulting revenue to total revenue and audit quality and investor perceptions of audit quality. Because SOX drastically altered the source of consulting revenues for public accounting firms, we also separately examine these relations in the pre‐ and post‐SOX eras. We find evidence suggesting that before SOX, higher proportions of audit firm consulting revenues negatively impacted both audit quality and investor perceptions of audit quality. However, we do not find a statistically significant association between audit firm consulting revenues and either audit quality or investor perceptions of audit quality following SOX. Our analyses suggest that even if these relations exist following SOX, the potential economic magnitude of the effect is small. Les produits que tirent les cabinets comptables des services‐conseils ont‐ils une incidence sur la qualité de l'audit ? Données antérieures et postérieures à la SOX Au cours des récentes années, la proportion de leurs produits que les cabinets d'expertise comptable tirent des services‐conseils a régulièrement augmenté. Bien que la croissance des produits des services‐conseils après l'adoption de la loi Sarbanes‐Oxley (SOX) soit principalement attribuable aux prestations auprès des clients de services autres que l'audit, les autorités de réglementation ont exprimé des inquiétudes à l’égard des répercussions potentielles de cette croissance sur la qualité de l'audit. Les cabinets comptables affirment, au contraire, que l'expertise ainsi acquise contribue à ce que leurs experts‐comptables assurent des services d'audit de meilleure qualité. Les auteurs se penchent sur la relation entre la proportion des produits totaux des cabinets comptables que représentent les produits tirés des services‐conseils, d'une part, et la qualité de l'audit et la perception des investisseurs quant à la qualité de l'audit, d'autre part. La SOX ayant radicalement changé la provenance des produits tirés des services‐conseils pour les cabinets d'expertise comptable, les auteurs procèdent aussi à une analyse distincte de cette relation au cours des périodes antérieure et postérieure à la SOX. Les données qu'ils recueillent semblent indiquer qu'avant la SOX, des proportions plus élevées de produits tirés des services‐conseils par les cabinets d'audit avaient une incidence négative tant sur la qualité de l'audit que sur la perception des investisseurs quant à la qualité de l'audit. Les auteurs ne relèvent cependant aucun lien statistiquement significatif entre les produits tirés des services‐conseils par les cabinets d'audit et soit la qualité de l'audit soit la perception des investisseurs quant à la qualité de l'audit, après la SOX. Les analyses qu'ils effectuent donnent à penser que même si ces relations existaient après la SOX, l'ampleur économique potentielle de leurs répercussions serait modeste.

Suggested Citation

  • Ling Lei Lisic & Linda A. Myers & Robert Pawlewicz & Timothy A. Seidel, 2019. "Do Accounting Firm Consulting Revenues Affect Audit Quality? Evidence from the Pre‐ and Post‐SOX Eras," Contemporary Accounting Research, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 36(2), pages 1028-1054, June.
  • Handle: RePEc:wly:coacre:v:36:y:2019:i:2:p:1028-1054
    DOI: 10.1111/1911-3846.12424
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    Cited by:

    1. Ryu, Sang-Lyul & Won, Jayoun, 2022. "Scale and scope economies in Korean accounting firms around Sarbanes-Oxley regulations," Journal of Asian Economics, Elsevier, vol. 78(C).
    2. Patrick Velte, 2023. "The link between corporate governance and corporate financial misconduct. A review of archival studies and implications for future research," Management Review Quarterly, Springer, vol. 73(1), pages 353-411, February.
    3. van Brenk, Herman & Renes, Remko & Trompeter, Gregory M., 2022. "Auditing in the public interest: Reforming the profession by building on the strengths of the existing accounting firms," CRITICAL PERSPECTIVES ON ACCOUNTING, Elsevier, vol. 83(C).
    4. Mowchan, Michael J., 2023. "Do accounting firms change strategy through office managing partner appointments? Evidence from the U.S," Accounting, Organizations and Society, Elsevier, vol. 108(C).
    5. Patrick Velte, 2023. "The impact of external auditors on firms’ financial restatements: a review of archival studies and implications for future research," Management Review Quarterly, Springer, vol. 73(3), pages 959-985, September.
    6. Lisic, Ling Lei & Pittman, Jeffrey & Seidel, Timothy A. & Zimmerman, Aleksandra “Ally” B., 2022. "You can't get there from here: The influence of an audit partner's prior non-public accounting experience on audit outcomes," Accounting, Organizations and Society, Elsevier, vol. 100(C).
    7. Donelson, Dain C. & Ege, Matthew & Imdieke, Andrew J. & Maksymov, Eldar, 2020. "The revival of large consulting practices at the Big 4 and audit quality," Accounting, Organizations and Society, Elsevier, vol. 87(C).
    8. Geiger, Marshall A. & Basioudis, Ilias G. & DeLange, Paul, 2022. "The effect of non-audit fees and industry specialization on the prevalence and accuracy of auditor’s going-concern reporting decisions," Journal of International Accounting, Auditing and Taxation, Elsevier, vol. 47(C).

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