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Quality, quantity and duration of lives

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  • Jean‐Yves Duclos
  • Bouba Housseini

Abstract

The evaluation of development processes and of public policies often involves comparisons of social states that differ in income distributions, population sizes and life longevity. This may require social evaluation principles to be sensitive to the quality, the quantity and the duration of lives. This paper: 1) reviews some of the normative issues at stake, 2) proposes and discusses some specific methods to address them in a generalized utilitarian framework and 3) briefly illustrates the application of some of these methods to the global distribution of incomes, population sizes and longevity over the last century. Depending on the approach taken, it is found inter alia that global social welfare in 2010 can be deemed to be between 1.8 and 407 times that of 1910, the role given to the quantity of lives being particularly important in that assessment. Qualité, quantité et durée des vies. L'évaluation des processus de développement et des politiques publiques implique souvent des comparaisons des états sociaux accusant des différences dans les répartitions des revenus, les tailles des populations et la longévité des vies. Ce qui voudrait que les principes d'évaluation sociale soient sensibles à la qualité, la quantité et la durée des vies. Ce papier 1) passe en revue quelques‐uns des enjeux normatifs de ce débat, 2) propose et discute des méthodes spécifiques adressant ces problèmes dans un cadre utilitariste généralisé, et 3) illustre brièvement l'application de ces méthodes dans l'analyse de la répartition mondiale des revenus, des tailles de population et de la longévité tout au long du dernier siècle. Les résultats obtenus indiquent que le bien‐être social mondial en 2010 est de 1.8 à 407 fois supérieur à celui de 1910 selon la méthode utilisée, le rôle attribué à la quantité de vies étant particulièrement important dans cette évaluation.

Suggested Citation

  • Jean‐Yves Duclos & Bouba Housseini, 2015. "Quality, quantity and duration of lives," Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue canadienne d'économique, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 48(1), pages 1-27, February.
  • Handle: RePEc:wly:canjec:v:48:y:2015:i:1:p:1-27
    DOI: 10.1111/caje.12173
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