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Exploring gender differences in labor markets from the perspective of the task based approach

Author

Listed:
  • Irene Brambilla
  • Andres Cesar
  • Guillermo Falcone
  • Leonardo Gasparini

Abstract

Using households survey microdata from Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Mexico and Peru, we characterize changes in employment and wages between the mid-2000s and the late-2010s emphasizing the gender dimension from the viewpoint of the task-based approach. We employ surveys from PIAAC-OECD to study the task content of jobs and create an index of routine task content (RTC) of occupations. We document five facts: (i) The proportion of routine tasks is currently higher for women than for men. (ii) The employment structure is considerably more biased towards high-RTC jobs in Latin America than in OECD countries, for both genders. (iii) There was an increase in the employment participation of low-RTC jobs during the period under study, mainly driven by movements in the occupational structure of women, especially the young and middle-aged. (iv) Wage gains were relatively higher in high-RTC occupations, with this pattern more pronounced for men than for women. (v) While there was a modest reduction in the gender wage gap, the decline was stronger in computer-intensive occupations.

Suggested Citation

  • Irene Brambilla & Andres Cesar & Guillermo Falcone & Leonardo Gasparini, 2023. "Exploring gender differences in labor markets from the perspective of the task based approach," Estudios de Economia, University of Chile, Department of Economics, vol. 50(2 Year 20), pages 309-360, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:udc:esteco:v:50:y:2023:i:2:p:309-360
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    File URL: https://estudiosdeeconomia.uchile.cl/index.php/EDE/article/view/73214/75083
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Wages; Employment structure; Occupations; Tasks; RTC index; Gender; Latin America.;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • J16 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Economics of Gender; Non-labor Discrimination
    • J21 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Labor Force and Employment, Size, and Structure
    • J31 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Wages, Compensation, and Labor Costs - - - Wage Level and Structure; Wage Differentials
    • J62 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Mobility, Unemployment, Vacancies, and Immigrant Workers - - - Job, Occupational and Intergenerational Mobility; Promotion

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