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Karst Spring Discharges Analysis in Relation to Drought Periods, Using the SPI

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  • Francesco Fiorillo
  • Francesco Guadagno

Abstract

Based on the long hydrological time series, the correlation between karst spring discharge series and rainfall has been analysed, using the Standard Precipitation Index (SPI). Analysis has been focused on the drought periods. Data come from a large karst system (Campania, Southern Italy), in an area characterised by a distribution of the precipitation prevalently during autumn-winter period. Insufficient recharge due to poor rainfall results in flat spring hydrographs (with no peak during spring season) that indicate a continuously decreasing discharge. Specifically, it has been found that 12 months cumulative rainfall, expressed by SPI 12 , and spring discharge have similar trend. When SPI 12 will be equal or less that − 1, springs reduce the discharge, and a flat spring hydrograph will be produced when SPI reaches value less than − 1.5. In these cases, the prolonged shortage of accumulated rainfall causes a reduction in spring discharge also during the following year as well, pointing out a memory effect of the karst aquifer, and more complex rainfall–discharge relationship is observed. Copyright Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2010

Suggested Citation

  • Francesco Fiorillo & Francesco Guadagno, 2010. "Karst Spring Discharges Analysis in Relation to Drought Periods, Using the SPI," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 24(9), pages 1867-1884, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:waterr:v:24:y:2010:i:9:p:1867-1884
    DOI: 10.1007/s11269-009-9528-9
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. I. Nalbantis & G. Tsakiris, 2009. "Assessment of Hydrological Drought Revisited," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 23(5), pages 881-897, March.
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    1. Dimitrios Myronidis & Dimitrios Stathis & Konstantinos Ioannou & Dimitrios Fotakis, 2012. "An Integration of Statistics Temporal Methods to Track the Effect of Drought in a Shallow Mediterranean Lake," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 26(15), pages 4587-4605, December.
    2. Francesco Fiorillo, 2014. "The Recession of Spring Hydrographs, Focused on Karst Aquifers," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 28(7), pages 1781-1805, May.
    3. Jinjie Miao & Guoliang Liu & Bibo Cao & Yonghong Hao & Jianmimg Chen & Tian−Chyi Yeh, 2014. "Identification of Strong Karst Groundwater Runoff Belt by Cross Wavelet Transform," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 28(10), pages 2903-2916, August.
    4. Javad Bazrafshan & Somayeh Hejabi & Jaber Rahimi, 2014. "Drought Monitoring Using the Multivariate Standardized Precipitation Index (MSPI)," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 28(4), pages 1045-1060, March.
    5. Nazzareno Diodato & Luigi Guerriero & Francesco Fiorillo & Libera Esposito & Paola Revellino & Gerardo Grelle & Francesco Guadagno, 2014. "Predicting Monthly Spring Discharges Using a Simple Statistical Model," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 28(4), pages 969-978, March.
    6. Sylke Hilberg & Jean Schneider, 2011. "The Aquifer Characteristics of the Dolomite Formation a New Approach for Providing Drinking Water in the Northern Calcareous Alps Region in Germany and Austria," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 25(11), pages 2705-2729, September.

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