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Street-scale storm surge load impact assessment using fine-resolution numerical modelling: a case study from Nemuro, Japan

Author

Listed:
  • Ryota Nakamura

    (Niigata University)

  • Martin Mäll

    (Waseda University)

  • Tomoya Shibayama

    (Waseda University)

Abstract

Due to gradual sea level rise and changes in the climate system, coastal vulnerability to storm surge hazards is expected to increase in some areas. Studies regarding the effect of storm surge inundation on buildings and human lives, especially when it comes to relatively low-threat level events, have been few, however. In this research, storm surge load impact around coastal residential areas was quantitatively assessed, through fine-resolution numerical modelling. Meso- and street-scale simulation results for a storm surge event in Nemuro, Japan, were comprehensively validated against observations and field measurements, and the simulation results showed good accuracy for sea level, significant wave height and inundation area. A fine-resolution, street-scale coastal flood simulation was carried out with individual and grouped buildings, created with a building block model, and the results showed the significant role of buildings by realistically capturing inundation dynamics. Hydrodynamic results showed that coastal flood impact on buildings was insignificant (consistent with surveys). Lastly, the potential flood impact on people in the streets was investigated, using five human instability equations, where the most pessimistic results showed average values between 0.0 and 0.2 (max 0.6–0.7), and slightly below 0.4 for children and the elderly, respectively. These values indicated that threat levels during the Nemuro storm event were low, which corresponded with observations (no fatalities). This study framework could be applied wherever an accurate local storm surge threat estimate was required.

Suggested Citation

  • Ryota Nakamura & Martin Mäll & Tomoya Shibayama, 2019. "Street-scale storm surge load impact assessment using fine-resolution numerical modelling: a case study from Nemuro, Japan," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 99(1), pages 391-422, October.
  • Handle: RePEc:spr:nathaz:v:99:y:2019:i:1:d:10.1007_s11069-019-03746-6
    DOI: 10.1007/s11069-019-03746-6
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Davor Kvočka & Roger A. Falconer & Michaela Bray, 2016. "Flood hazard assessment for extreme flood events," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 84(3), pages 1569-1599, December.
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    3. Ryota Nakamura & Tomoya Shibayama & Miguel Esteban & Takumu Iwamoto, 2016. "Future typhoon and storm surges under different global warming scenarios: case study of typhoon Haiyan (2013)," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 82(3), pages 1645-1681, July.
    4. Khandker Tasnim & Tomoya Shibayama & Miguel Esteban & Hiroshi Takagi & Koichiro Ohira & Ryota Nakamura, 2015. "Field observation and numerical simulation of past and future storm surges in the Bay of Bengal: case study of cyclone Nargis," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 75(2), pages 1619-1647, January.
    5. Zhaoqing Yang & Taiping Wang & Ruby Leung & Kathy Hibbard & Tony Janetos & Ian Kraucunas & Jennie Rice & Benjamin Preston & Tom Wilbanks, 2014. "A modeling study of coastal inundation induced by storm surge, sea-level rise, and subsidence in the Gulf of Mexico," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 71(3), pages 1771-1794, April.
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