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Do good psychosocial working conditions prolong working lives? Findings from a prospective study in Sweden

Author

Listed:
  • Johanna Stengård

    (Stockholm University)

  • Constanze Leineweber

    (Stockholm University)

  • Marianna Virtanen

    (University of Eastern Finland)

  • Hugo Westerlund

    (Stockholm University)

  • Hui-Xin Wang

    (Stockholm University)

Abstract

Due to an ageing population, governments in European countries are striving to keep older workers longer in the workforce. Remarkably few studies have paid attention to the influence of psychosocial working conditions on timing of retirement for older workers in and beyond normative retirement age. The aim of the present study was to examine whether good psychosocial working conditions contribute to prolonged working lives among older workers (59 years and above). A particular question was whether such conditions increase in importance with age. Seven waves (2006–2018) of the Swedish Longitudinal Occupational Survey of Health (SLOSH) were used (N = 6000, observations = 10,632). Discrete-time event history analyses showed that higher levels of job resources (decision authority [OR 1.13, 95% CI 1.06–1.22], skill use [OR 1.17, 95% CI 1.07–1.29], learning opportunities [OR 1.22, 95% CI 1.13–1.31], social support [OR 1.29 (95% CI 1.16–1.42], work-time control [OR 1.07, 95% CI 1.01–1.13], and reward [OR 1.40, 95% CI 1.24–1.57])—but not lower levels of job demands (quantitative and emotional demands or effort)—were associated with working longer (continued work two years later). Also, low effort-reward imbalance (OR 0.84 [95% CI 0.73–0.96]) was associated with working longer. In addition, skill use, work-time control, reward, and low effort-reward imbalance increased in importance with age for continued work. These results suggest that providing older workers with control over their work tasks, giving opportunities for learning and using their skills, as well as rewarding and acknowledging their achievements, may keep them in the workforce longer. Especially, job resources may grow in importance with age.

Suggested Citation

  • Johanna Stengård & Constanze Leineweber & Marianna Virtanen & Hugo Westerlund & Hui-Xin Wang, 2022. "Do good psychosocial working conditions prolong working lives? Findings from a prospective study in Sweden," European Journal of Ageing, Springer, vol. 19(3), pages 677-688, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:eujoag:v:19:y:2022:i:3:d:10.1007_s10433-021-00672-0
    DOI: 10.1007/s10433-021-00672-0
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Marianna Virtanen & Tuula Oksanen & G David Batty & Leena Ala-Mursula & Paula Salo & Marko Elovainio & Jaana Pentti & Katinka Lybäck & Jussi Vahtera & Mika Kivimäki, 2014. "Extending Employment beyond the Pensionable Age: A Cohort Study of the Influence of Chronic Diseases, Health Risk Factors, and Working Conditions," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 9(2), pages 1-8, February.
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    Cited by:

    1. Lisa Toczek & Richard Peter, 2023. "Investigating the influence of work-related stress on early labour market exit: the role of health," European Journal of Ageing, Springer, vol. 20(1), pages 1-9, December.

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