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Estimation of land surface temperature using different retrieval methods for studying the spatiotemporal variations of surface urban heat and cold islands in Indian Punjab

Author

Listed:
  • Atin Majumder

    (Punjab Agricultural University)

  • Raj Setia

    (Punjab Remote Sensing Centre)

  • P. K. Kingra

    (Punjab Agricultural University)

  • Harjinder Sembhi

    (University of Leicester)

  • Som Pal Singh

    (Punjab Agricultural University)

  • Brijendra Pateriya

    (Punjab Remote Sensing Centre)

Abstract

Spatial patterns of land surface temperature (LST), surface urban heat island (SUHI), surface urban cold island (SUCI), and their seasonal variations during January (winter) and September (summer) were analyzed over the three cities of Indian Punjab (Balachaur, Ludhiana and Bathinda) using Landsat 5, 7 and 8 satellite data of the years 1991, 2001, 2011, and 2018. Urban hot spots and Urban Thermal Field Variance Index (UTFVI) were used to measure the ecological environment of these cities. Land surface temperature was retrieved from Landsat satellite data using Plank equation, mono-window algorithm (MWA), single-channel algorithm (SCA), and radiative transfer equation. The LST derived using these algorithms was validated with MODIS-LST product. The relationship between LST derived from Landsat 5, 7 and 8 using the four methods and MODIS-LST product was higher with the SCA algorithm (R2 > 0.75). Land surface temperature was significantly positively correlated with built-up but significantly negatively correlated with vegetation. The surface urban heat intensity was higher during September than January, and it was higher in Ludhiana followed by Bathinda and Balachaur, irrespective of the season. Besides built-up area and population density, soil moisture availability in surrounding rural areas has significant impact on increasing surface urban heat intensity during September than January. The SUCIs were formed in the center of Bathinda city during January 1991, but these were in Ludhiana and Balachaur cities during January 2011. The most critical areas for ecological environment based on UTFVI were identified and the critical UTFVI values (> 0.020) were highest in Bathinda city followed by Balachaur and Ludhiana cities. These results suggest that SUHIs and SUCIs are influenced by seasons and the mitigating plans to counteract the overheating of urban areas should be formulated taking into account soil moisture availability in surrounding rural areas, landscape pattern, seasonal variations, local climatic conditions, urban growth, and development plan etc.

Suggested Citation

  • Atin Majumder & Raj Setia & P. K. Kingra & Harjinder Sembhi & Som Pal Singh & Brijendra Pateriya, 2021. "Estimation of land surface temperature using different retrieval methods for studying the spatiotemporal variations of surface urban heat and cold islands in Indian Punjab," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 23(11), pages 15921-15942, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:endesu:v:23:y:2021:i:11:d:10.1007_s10668-021-01321-3
    DOI: 10.1007/s10668-021-01321-3
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Sabyasachi Tripathi & Kavita Mahey, 2017. "Urbanization and economic growth in Punjab (India): an empirical analysis," Urban Research & Practice, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 10(4), pages 379-402, October.
    2. Veeran, P.K. & Kumar, S., 1993. "Analysis of monthly average daily global radiation and monthly average sunshine duration at two tropical locations," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 3(8), pages 935-939.
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    1. David Hidalgo García, 2023. "Evaluation and Analysis of the Effectiveness of the Main Mitigation Measures against Surface Urban Heat Islands in Different Local Climate Zones through Remote Sensing," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(13), pages 1-23, July.
    2. Sashikanta Sahoo & Atin Majumder & Sabyasachi Swain & Gareema & Brijendra Pateriya & Nadhir Al-Ansari, 2022. "Analysis of Decadal Land Use Changes and Its Impacts on Urban Heat Island (UHI) Using Remote Sensing-Based Approach: A Smart City Perspective," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(19), pages 1-20, September.
    3. Shahfahad & Swapan Talukdar & Mohd. Rihan & Hoang Thi Hang & Sunil Bhaskaran & Atiqur Rahman, 2022. "Modelling urban heat island (UHI) and thermal field variation and their relationship with land use indices over Delhi and Mumbai metro cities," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 24(3), pages 3762-3790, March.
    4. Yuting Lu & Penghai Wu & Kaijian Xu, 2022. "Multi-Time Scale Analysis of Urbanization in Urban Thermal Environment in Major Function-Oriented Zones at Landsat-Scale: A Case Study of Hefei City, China," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(5), pages 1-19, May.

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