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Pendler Mobil: Die Verwendung von Mobilfunkdaten zur Unterstützung der amtlichen Pendlerstatistik
[Pendler Mobil: The use of mobile network data to support official commuter statistics]

Author

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  • Sandra Hadam

    (Statistisches Bundesamt)

Abstract

Zusammenfassung Die Verfügbarkeit von kleinräumigen und aktuellen Pendlerverflechtungen sind für politische wie auch kommunale Entscheidungsfindungen von hoher Bedeutung. Aus dem Pendlerverhalten lassen sich Rückschlüsse auf Arbeitsmarktregionen und die Verteilung der Wohnbevölkerung ziehen, was unter anderem zu einer laufenden Verbesserung der Verkehrsinfrastruktur beiträgt. Die dafür notwendigen Daten veröffentlicht die amtliche Pendlerrechnung. Jedoch weist sie Verbesserungspotenzial im Hinblick auf die zeitliche und räumliche Darstellung der Pendlerverflechtungen von Erwerbstätigen sowie eine fachliche Erweiterung hinsichtlich der Bildungspendler auf. Dieser Artikel beschreibt die mit dem Projekt Pendler Mobil geprüften Erweiterungsmöglichkeiten der amtlichen Pendlerrechnung auf Basis von Quelle-Ziel-Matrizen aus Mobilfunkdaten. Mobilfunkdaten stellen aufgrund ihrer zeitlichen Aktualität und räumlich feinen Auflösung eine robuste Datengrundlage zur flexiblen Abbildung von potenziellen und regelmäßigen Pendlerbewegungen dar. Die potenzielle Leistungsfähigkeit der Mobilfunkdaten ermöglicht damit eine externe Validierung bestehender Pendlerrechnungen oder Pendlerstatistiken sowie eine beiderseitige Ergänzung zur Ermittlung und Darstellungen weiterer Formen des Pendelns der Erwerbsbevölkerung. Am Fallbeispiel des Bundeslandes Nordrhein-Westfalen werden im Folgenden Gemeinsamkeiten und Unterschiede der übereinstimmenden Pendlerverflechtungen auf Basis von Mobilfunkdaten und der amtlichen Pendlerrechnung erörtert. Dabei gehen wir auf die Herausforderungen der Aufbereitung und Definition geeigneter Mobilfunkdaten durch den Datenanbieter sowie weitere Einflüsse auf die Mobilfunkdaten, wie bspw. durch die zurückgelegte Distanz oder die Verweilzeiten mobiler Aktivitäten, ein. Besonders die Unterschätzung der mobilen Pendlerströme im Vergleich zur amtlichen Pendlerrechnung legt nahe, Modifizierungsansätze der Mobilfunkdaten zu diskutieren. Im Ergebnis können die vorliegenden Mobilfunkdaten potenziell die amtliche Pendlerrechnung durch kleinräumige Pendlerbewegungen in Städten in Form einer erweiterten Zielorts-Bestimmung unterstützen und die Identifizierung von stark frequentierten Arbeitsorten in Städten ermöglichen.

Suggested Citation

  • Sandra Hadam, 2021. "Pendler Mobil: Die Verwendung von Mobilfunkdaten zur Unterstützung der amtlichen Pendlerstatistik [Pendler Mobil: The use of mobile network data to support official commuter statistics]," AStA Wirtschafts- und Sozialstatistisches Archiv, Springer;Deutsche Statistische Gesellschaft - German Statistical Society, vol. 15(3), pages 197-235, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:astaws:v:15:y:2021:i:3:d:10.1007_s11943-021-00294-z
    DOI: 10.1007/s11943-021-00294-z
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Zeileis, Achim & Kleiber, Christian & Jackman, Simon, 2008. "Regression Models for Count Data in R," Journal of Statistical Software, Foundation for Open Access Statistics, vol. 27(i08).
    2. Jakub Novak & Rein Ahas & Anto Aasa & Siiri Silm, 2013. "Application of mobile phone location data in mapping of commuting patterns and functional regionalization: a pilot study of Estonia," Journal of Maps, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 9(1), pages 10-15, March.
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    Cited by:

    1. Timo Schmid & Markus Zwick, 2021. "Vorwort der Herausgeber," AStA Wirtschafts- und Sozialstatistisches Archiv, Springer;Deutsche Statistische Gesellschaft - German Statistical Society, vol. 15(3), pages 151-154, December.
    2. Sandra Hadam, 2023. "Experimentelle georeferenzierte Bevölkerungszahl auf Basis der Bevölkerungsfortschreibung und Mobilfunkdaten [Experimental georeferenced population figure based on intercensal population updates an," AStA Wirtschafts- und Sozialstatistisches Archiv, Springer;Deutsche Statistische Gesellschaft - German Statistical Society, vol. 17(1), pages 35-69, March.

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