Do Accounting Standards affect the Business Performance and Financial Statement Manipulation on the banks?

Financial statement manipulation has been well-rounded analyzed in both finance and accounting literature as it is important to determine whether firms could affect both performance and accounting standards. The purpose of this study is to examine cases of financial reporting manipulations which were subject to published enforcement actions by the Securities Exchange Commission (SEC), Securities Class Action Clearinghouse (SCAC), Accounting and Auditing Enforcement Releases (AAERs) and General Accounting Office (GAO) between 1996 and 2014 for reasons of alleged financial misstatements in the USA. Therefore, this study will provide to examine the relationship between bank performance and financial statement manipulations in the accounting standards. More importantly, although financial misconduct such as financial reporting manipulation is an emerging topic of great importance, a comprehensive literature review of the subject has yet to be carried out in terms of accounting standards. In this context, this study focuses on financial reporting manipulation within the context of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS). This study is contributed to the literature by examining the impact of financial reporting manipulation within the same or different systems of accounting standards on bank financial reporting. Findings suggest that banks that manipulate financial statements increase their operating profitability and productivity as a measure of financial performance used in the IFRS.