Estimación Del Bienestar Socioeconómico De Las Comarcas De La Región De Murcia

Resumen:En este trabajo se ha cuantificado el grado de bienestar socioeconómico de la población de las comarcas de la Región de Murcia siguiendo la clasificación establecida por la Unión Europea. Se han incluido indicadores de diferentes ámbitos con la finalidad de estimar un índice sintético de “calidad de vida”. La aportación básica ha sido la cuantificación del grado de bienestar socioeconómico utilizando una serie de variables no utilizadas en otros estudios o empleadas con interpretaciones alternativas a las establecidas convencionalmente. Las comarcas con mayores niveles de este indicador sintético serían Murcia, Vega del Segura, Lorca, Cartagena y Altiplano.Abstract: Until the mid-sixties of the last century there was a full identification between the concepts of economic growth, development and welfare. With the advent of the Meadows report on "growth limits", scientific community warned of the negative impact on the environment of a development that was excessively focused on the maximization of production. In addition, the new conception of development introduced by Amartya Sen incorporates other alternative variables to per capita income as indicators of development, such as the degree of satisfaction of needs in the educational and health fields. As a consequence of these contributions, since the early 1990s the UN has been using the concept of human development, which is a process that can start all nations regardless of their starting conditions. The steady state of the classical economists is abandoned by a path of permanent evolution where freedoms and human capacities could be increased infinitely. People would become real protagonists and the ultimate goal of any development policy, with the main objective being to expand their capacities and opportunities from a multidimensional perspective, where the protagonism is shared between the state, the private sector and citizenship. We would thus have a model of development that does not rely on so heavily on the optimal combination of factors of production, but rather on uncovering untapped powers and resources.