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L'effet redistributif de l'impôt direct et des prestations familiales

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  • Geneviève Canceill

Abstract

[eng] The redistribution effect of direct taxation and family benefits - In 1980, 40 % of the least taxed households paid 3 % of direct taxes and received 65 % of family benefits. The result of these transfers (benefits less taxes) favors large families: 90% of households with four or more children have a positive balance of more than 8,500 F, which is the case for only 10 % of all households. Laborers constitute the socio-professional category which receives the most aid: they are the beneficiaries in 40 % of the cases. Aid is maximal when the head of the household is between 35 and 40 years of age, the most favorable period for family benefits. The redistribution qualities of different transfers are far from homogeneous. Taxation of income is very progressive and one household in three pays none. The real estate habitation tax is paid by a greater number of households to the disadvantage of persons living alone. Certain family benefits, such as the family supplement or the housing subsidy, are granted according to resources and benefit, above all, laborers. Family subsidies which depend only on the the number of children favor the most prolific social groups, unskilled workers and farmers. [fre] En 1980, les 40 % de ménages les moins imposés paient 3 % de l'impôt direct et reçoivent 65 % des prestations familiales. Le bilan de ces transferts (prestations moins impôts) est favorable aux familles nombreuses : 90 % des ménages qui ont quatre enfants ou plus ont un solde positif supérieur à 8 500 F, ce qui n'est le cas que pour 10 % de l'ensemble des ménages. Les ouvriers sont la catégorie socioprofessionnelle la plus aidée : ils sont bénéficiaires dans 40 % des cas. L'avantage est maximum quand le chef de ménage est âgé de 35 à 40 ans, période la plus favorable pour les prestations familiales. Les qualités redistributrices des différents transferts sont loin d'être homogènes. L'impôt sur le revenu est très progressif, et un ménage sur trois n'en paie pas. La taxe d'habitation est acquittée par un plus grand nombre de ménages, au désavantage des personnes seules. Certaines prestations familiales, tel le complément familial ou l'allocation de logement, sont attribuées sous condition de ressources et bénéficient surtout aux ouvriers. Les allocations familiales, qui dépendent seulement du nombre d'enfants, favorisent les groupes sociaux les plus féconds, ouvriers non qualifiés et agriculteurs. [spa] El efecto redistrtbutivo del impuesto directo y de las subvenciones familiares - En 1980, el 40 % de los hogares los menos sujetos a tributación pagan un 3 % del impuesto directo y perciben un 65 % de las subvenciones familiares. El balance de dichas transferencias (subvenciones menos impuestos) esta a favor de las familias numerosas : el 90 % de los hogares que cuentan cuatro hijos o más presentan un saldo positivo que supera los 8 500 francos, lo cual tan solo es el caso respecto a un 10 % del conjunto ed los hogares. Los obreros constituyen la categoría social y profesional que disfruta mayor ayuda : son beneficiarios en un 40 % de los casos. La ventaja es maxima cuendo el cabeza de familia cuenta de 35 a 40 anos» período más favorable con relación a subsidios familiares. La cualidades redistributes de las diversas transferencias distan de ser homodeneas. El impuesto sobre la renta es muy progressive y de cada tres hogares, uno no lo paga. El impuesto sobre vivienda es debido por mayor número de tributarios, en perjuicio de las personas solas. Algunos subsidios familiares, tales como complemento familiar o subsidio por vivienda están concedidos en conformidad con los medios de vida, y benefician espacielmente a obreros. Los subsidios familiares, los que dependen únicamente del número de hijos, favorecen a los grupos sociales de mayor fecundidad, obreros sin aptitud profesional y agricultores.

Suggested Citation

  • Geneviève Canceill, 1985. "L'effet redistributif de l'impôt direct et des prestations familiales," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 177(1), pages 23-39.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:ecstat:estat_0336-1454_1985_num_177_1_4976
    DOI: 10.3406/estat.1985.4976
    Note: DOI:10.3406/estat.1985.4976
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    Cited by:

    1. Jean-Claude Dutailly, 1988. "Les transferts sur l'ensemble de l'existence : un avantage aux familles," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 210(1), pages 51-60.
    2. Pierre-Alain Audirac & Colette Galant, 1987. "De moins en moins de familles nombreuses," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 204(1), pages 7-19.

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