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Les locataires des HLM en 1973

Author

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  • Pierre Durif
  • Olivier Marchand

Abstract

[spa] Los inquilinos de « habitations à loyer, modéré » (viviendas de alquiler moderado) en 1973 - El esfuerzo contínuo relativo a ayuda estatal para la edificación de viviendas en alquiler de tipo « Habitation à loyer modéré» (viviendas de alquiler moderado) se explica por los objetivos econômicos, sociales y familiares que se propone alcanzar. La encuesta nacional referente al alojamiento en 1973 permite verificar como se concretizarón esos objetivos a veces divergentes : las organizaciones de HLM llevaron a efecto la edificación de mis de dos millones de viviendas de alquiler, de buena calidad y precio moderado, facilitando por tanto alojamiento decente a gran número de familias. Mas cabe apreciar con cierta cautela la eflcacia social de esa ayuda : si, al parecer, las categorías con ingresos medios constituyen la mayoría de los inquilinos de HLM — aparentemente desde el origen de dichas viviendas — es, en primer lugar, consecuencia lógica de la existencia de un parque de viviendas antiguas de mediana categoría ocupadas por familias de ingresos poco elevados y especialmente ancianos. No obstante, la escasa movilidad que se verifica entre inquilinos de las HLM y las trabas respecto a aplicación de la reglamentación relativa a topes de ingresos de esos hogares constituyen el origen de rentas de posición que la falta de variedad en los tipos de alquiler, según caracteristicas socio demográficas de los hogares, acarrea inevitablemente. [fre] Les locataires des HLM en 1973 - L'effort continu d'aide de l'État à la construction de logements locatifs HLM s'explique par les objectifs d'ordre à la fois économique, familial et social qu'il se propose. L'enquête nationale sur le logement de 1973 permet de constater comment se sont concrétisés ces objectifs parfois divergents : les organismes d'HLM ont effectivement assuré la construction de plus de 2 millions de logements locatifs de bonne qualité à prix modéré, quî ont permis à beaucoup de familles de se loger de façon convenable. Mais l'appréciation que l'on peut porter sur l'efficacité sociale de cette aide doit être plus nuancée : si apparemment les catégories moyennes de revenus sont les plus représentées en HLM — et ceci semble-t-il depuis l'origine — , il s'agit d'abord d'une conséquence logique du maintien d'un parc locatif ancien de qualité médiocre que continuent à habiter les ménages à revenus faibles et en particulier les personnes âgées. Cependant la relative faiblesse de la mobilité résidentielle des occupants d'HLM et les difficultés d'application de la réglementation des plafonds de revenus pour ces ménages sont à la source de rentes de situation que l'absence de modulation des loyers selon les caractéristiques socio-démographiques des ménages rend inévitables. [eng] Tenants of « habitations à loyer modéré » (moderate rent dwellings) in 1973 - Public Power's continuous aid endeavour in the matter of HLM renting accomodation can be explained by economic, social and family aims. The domestic survey on housing, conducted in 1973, allows establishing how occasionally, divergent aims, have been put in concrete form: HLM organizations have indeed assumed the building operations of more than 2 millions good quality renting housing at moderate price, providing thus suitable accomodation to a great number of households. Nevertheless, social efficiency has to be considered cautiously : if average income households are apparently broadly represented in HLM dwellings since they exist, it is first of all due to the fact that low-income households and especially old age persons continue dwelling in low quality ancient renting accomodation. Still, the relatively low mobility of HLM tenants and the difficulties arising in regulating households income limits are at the origin of subsidised houses which become unavoidable on account of the lack of adjustment in households rent according to their social and demographic characteristics.

Suggested Citation

  • Pierre Durif & Olivier Marchand, 1975. "Les locataires des HLM en 1973," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 73(1), pages 3-20.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:ecstat:estat_0336-1454_1975_num_73_1_2268
    DOI: 10.3406/estat.1975.2268
    Note: DOI:10.3406/estat.1975.2268
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    Cited by:

    1. Gregory Verdugo, 2016. "Public housing magnets: public housing supply and immigrants’ location choices," Journal of Economic Geography, Oxford University Press, vol. 16(1), pages 237-265.
    2. Verdugo, Gregory, 2011. "Public Housing and Residential Segregation of Immigrants in France, 1968-1999," IZA Discussion Papers 5456, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    3. le Blanc, David & Laferrere, Anne, 2001. "The Effect of Public Social Housing on Households' Consumption in France," Journal of Housing Economics, Elsevier, vol. 10(4), pages 429-455, December.

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