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Childhood Hyperactivity, Physical Aggression and Criminality: A 19-Year Prospective Population-Based Study

Author

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  • Jean-Baptiste Pingault
  • Sylvana M Côté
  • Eric Lacourse
  • Cédric Galéra
  • Frank Vitaro
  • Richard E Tremblay

Abstract

Background: Research shows that children with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder are at elevated risk of criminality. However, several issues still need to be addressed in order to verify whether hyperactivity in itself plays a role in the prediction of criminality. In particular, co-occurrence with other behaviors as well as the internal heterogeneity in ADHD symptoms (hyperactivity and inattention) should be taken into account. The aim of this study was to assess the unique and interactive contributions of hyperactivity to the development of criminality, whilst considering inattention, physical aggression and family adversity. Methodology/Principal Findings: We monitored the development of a population-based sample of kindergarten children (N = 2,741). Hyperactivity, inattention, and physical aggression were assessed annually between the ages of 6 and 12 years by mothers and teachers. Information on the presence, the age at first charge and the type of criminal charge was obtained from official records when the participants were aged 25 years. We used survival analysis models to predict the development of criminality in adolescence and adulthood: high childhood hyperactivity was highly predictive when bivariate analyses were used; however, with multivariate analyses, high hyperactivity was only marginally significant (Hazard Ratio: 1.38; 95% CI: 0.94–2.02). Sensitivity analyses revealed that hyperactivity was not a consistent predictor. High physical aggression was strongly predictive (Hazard Ratio: 3.44; 95% CI: 2.43–4.87) and its role was consistent in sensitivity analyses and for different types of crime. Inattention was not predictive of later criminality. Conclusions/Significance: Although the contribution of childhood hyperactivity to criminality may be detected in large samples using multi-informant longitudinal designs, our results show that it is not a strong predictor of later criminality. Crime prevention should instead target children with the highest levels of childhood physical aggression and family adversity.

Suggested Citation

  • Jean-Baptiste Pingault & Sylvana M Côté & Eric Lacourse & Cédric Galéra & Frank Vitaro & Richard E Tremblay, 2013. "Childhood Hyperactivity, Physical Aggression and Criminality: A 19-Year Prospective Population-Based Study," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 8(5), pages 1-7, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0062594
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0062594
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. van Buuren, Stef & Groothuis-Oudshoorn, Karin, 2011. "mice: Multivariate Imputation by Chained Equations in R," Journal of Statistical Software, Foundation for Open Access Statistics, vol. 45(i03).
    2. Christophe Genolini & Bruno Falissard, 2010. "KmL: k-means for longitudinal data," Computational Statistics, Springer, vol. 25(2), pages 317-328, June.
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    Cited by:

    1. Yann Algan & Elizabeth Beasley & Frank Vitaro & Richard Tremblay, 2014. "The Impact of Non-Cognitive Skills Training on Academic and Non-academic Trajectories: From Childhood to Early Adulthood," Working Papers hal-03429906, HAL.
    2. Yann Algan & Elizabeth Beasley & Frank Vitaro & Richard E Tremblay, 2014. "The Impact of Non-Cognitive Skills Training on Academic and Non-academic Trajectories: From Childhood to Early Adulthood," Sciences Po publications info:hdl:2441/6s39gt704s9, Sciences Po.
    3. repec:hal:spmain:info:hdl:2441/6s39gt704s95upu27ma7s3p6q8 is not listed on IDEAS
    4. Yann Algan & Elizabeth Beasley & Frank Vitaro & Richard Tremblay, 2014. "The Impact of Non-Cognitive Skills Training on Academic and Non-academic Trajectories: From Childhood to Early Adulthood," Working Papers hal-03429906, HAL.
    5. Cherepkova, Elena V. & Maksimov, Vladimir N. & Aftanas, Lyubomir I. & Menshanov, Petr N., 2015. "Genotype and haplotype frequencies of the DRD4 VNTR polymorphism in the men with no history of ADHD, convicted of violent crimes," Journal of Criminal Justice, Elsevier, vol. 43(6), pages 464-469.
    6. repec:hal:spmain:info:hdl:2441/6i8t2rdgh48uqbb5j9hvntn6l2 is not listed on IDEAS

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