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Small Business Lending in Financial Crises: The Role of Government-Guaranteed Loans

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  • John Hackney

Abstract

This paper examines whether the presence of government-guaranteed lenders helps alleviate small business financial constraints during financial crises. The results indicate that during the 2007–09 financial crisis, areas with a greater share of Small Business Administration 7(a) lenders experienced: (1) a 2.2% increase in small business loan volume, (2) a 3.7% increase in small firm employment and 3.5% increase in establishments, and (3) lower loan default rates. Bank–county–year analysis suggests that SBA banks increase their share of lending when they are capital-constrained, and when local median income is lower. Instrumental variable analysis utilizing SBA program characteristics confirms the baseline results. The findings suggest that targeted government support can play a beneficial role in the presence of private credit market frictions, especially when bank capital is limited and small business financial constraints are severe.

Suggested Citation

  • John Hackney, 2023. "Small Business Lending in Financial Crises: The Role of Government-Guaranteed Loans," Review of Finance, European Finance Association, vol. 27(1), pages 247-287.
    • Handle: RePEc:oup:revfin:v:27:y:2023:i:1:p:247-287.
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Small business; Financial crisis; Financial constraints; Government-guaranteed lending;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • G21 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Banks; Other Depository Institutions; Micro Finance Institutions; Mortgages
    • G28 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Government Policy and Regulation
    • G01 - Financial Economics - - General - - - Financial Crises

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