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Cost-Shifting in Multitiered Welfare States: Responding to Rising Welfare Caseloads in Germany and Switzerland

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  • Giuliano Bonoli
  • Philipp Trein

Abstract

In this article, we analyze if and how different levels of government off-load clients onto other welfare state programs that are not under their financial responsibility. We hypothesize that the extent to which cost-shifting takes place in a multitiered welfare state depends on the degree of fiscal centralization, and we expect cost-shifting to be more prevalent in federal countries where the constituent units have strong fiscal autonomy. In order to empirically examine this claim, we compare Germany and Switzerland, two federal countries that differ considerably in matters of fiscal centralization. Empirically, we find that in fact cost-shifting occurred irrespective of the degree of fiscal centralization. However, there are differences in how the two countries reacted to cost-shifting practices. Fiscally centralized Germany has been more successful in limiting cost-shifting practices than decentralized Switzerland. By connecting the literature on social policy and fiscal federalism, the article contributes to a broader understanding of the functioning of multitiered welfare states.

Suggested Citation

  • Giuliano Bonoli & Philipp Trein, 2016. "Cost-Shifting in Multitiered Welfare States: Responding to Rising Welfare Caseloads in Germany and Switzerland," Publius: The Journal of Federalism, CSF Associates Inc., vol. 46(4), pages 596-622.
    • Handle: RePEc:oup:publus:v:46:y:2016:i:4:p:596-622.
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    File URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1093/publius/pjw022
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    2. Alders, Peter & Schut, Frederik T., 2022. "Strategic cost-shifting in long-term care. Evidence from the Netherlands," Health Policy, Elsevier, vol. 126(1), pages 43-48.

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