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Global music streaming data reveal diurnal and seasonal patterns of affective preference

Author

Listed:
  • Minsu Park

    (Cornell University)

  • Jennifer Thom

    (Spotify USA)

  • Sarah Mennicken

    (Spotify USA)

  • Henriette Cramer

    (Spotify USA)

  • Michael Macy

    (Cornell University
    Cornell University)

Abstract

People manage emotions to cope with life’s demands1,2. Previous research has identified affective patterns using self-reports3 and text analysis4,5, but these measures track the expression of affect, not affective preference for external stimuli such as music, which affects mood states and levels of emotional arousal1,6,7. We analysed a dataset of 765 million online music plays streamed by 1 million individuals in 51 countries to measure diurnal and seasonal patterns of affective preference. Findings reveal similar diurnal patterns across cultures and demographic groups. Individuals listen to more relaxing music late at night and more energetic music during normal business hours, including mid-afternoon when affective expression is lowest. However, there were differences in baselines: younger people listen to more intense music; compared with other regions, music played in Latin America is more arousing, while music in Asia is more relaxing; and compared with other chronotypes, ‘night owls’ (people who are habitually active or wakeful at night) listen to less-intense music. Seasonal patterns vary with distance from the equator and between Northern and Southern hemispheres and are more strongly correlated with absolute day length than with changes in day length. Taken together with previous findings on affective expression in text4, these results suggest that musical choice both shapes and reflects mood.

Suggested Citation

  • Minsu Park & Jennifer Thom & Sarah Mennicken & Henriette Cramer & Michael Macy, 2019. "Global music streaming data reveal diurnal and seasonal patterns of affective preference," Nature Human Behaviour, Nature, vol. 3(3), pages 230-236, March.
  • Handle: RePEc:nat:nathum:v:3:y:2019:i:3:d:10.1038_s41562-018-0508-z
    DOI: 10.1038/s41562-018-0508-z
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    Cited by:

    1. Khwan Kim & Noah Askin & James A. Evans, 2023. "Disrupted Routines Anticipate Musical Exploration," Papers 2301.03716, arXiv.org.
    2. Lauren K. Fink & Lindsay A. Warrenburg & Claire Howlin & William M. Randall & Niels Chr. Hansen & Melanie Wald-Fuhrmann, 2021. "Viral tunes: changes in musical behaviours and interest in coronamusic predict socio-emotional coping during COVID-19 lockdown," Palgrave Communications, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 8(1), pages 1-11, December.
    3. Juan Lucio & Marco Palomeque, 2023. "Music preferences as an instrument of emotional self-regulation along the business cycle," Journal of Cultural Economics, Springer;The Association for Cultural Economics International, vol. 47(2), pages 181-204, June.
    4. Pablo Bello & David Garcia, 2021. "Cultural Divergence in popular music: the increasing diversity of music consumption on Spotify across countries," Palgrave Communications, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 8(1), pages 1-8, December.
    5. Emanuela Bran & Elena Bautu & Dragos Florin Sburlan & Crenguta Madalina Puchianu & Dorin Mircea Popovici, 2021. "Ubiquitous Computing: Driving in the Intelligent Environment," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 9(21), pages 1-24, October.

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