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Accelerated evolution of SARS-CoV-2 in free-ranging white-tailed deer

Author

Listed:
  • Dillon S. McBride

    (The Ohio State University College of Veterinary Medicine)

  • Sofya K. Garushyants

    (National Institutes of Health)

  • John Franks

    (St Jude Children’s Research Hospital)

  • Andrew F. Magee

    (University of California, Los Angeles)

  • Steven H. Overend

    (The Ohio State University College of Veterinary Medicine)

  • Devra Huey

    (The Ohio State University College of Veterinary Medicine)

  • Amanda M. Williams

    (The Ohio State University)

  • Seth A. Faith

    (The Ohio State University)

  • Ahmed Kandeil

    (St Jude Children’s Research Hospital
    National Research Centre)

  • Sanja Trifkovic

    (St Jude Children’s Research Hospital)

  • Lance Miller

    (St Jude Children’s Research Hospital)

  • Trushar Jeevan

    (St Jude Children’s Research Hospital)

  • Anami Patel

    (PathAI Diagnostics)

  • Jacqueline M. Nolting

    (The Ohio State University College of Veterinary Medicine)

  • Michael J. Tonkovich

    (Division of Wildlife)

  • J. Tyler Genders

    (Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Wildlife Services)

  • Andrew J. Montoney

    (Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Wildlife Services)

  • Kevin Kasnyik

    (Columbus and Franklin County Metro Parks)

  • Timothy J. Linder

    (National Wildlife Disease Program)

  • Sarah N. Bevins

    (National Wildlife Disease Program)

  • Julianna B. Lenoch

    (National Wildlife Disease Program)

  • Jeffrey C. Chandler

    (Wildlife Disease Diagnostic Laboratory)

  • Thomas J. DeLiberto

    (Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Wildlife Services)

  • Eugene V. Koonin

    (National Institutes of Health)

  • Marc A. Suchard

    (University of California, Los Angeles
    University of California, Los Angeles
    University of California, Los Angeles)

  • Philippe Lemey

    (Rega Institute, KU Leuven)

  • Richard J. Webby

    (St Jude Children’s Research Hospital)

  • Martha I. Nelson

    (National Institutes of Health)

  • Andrew S. Bowman

    (The Ohio State University College of Veterinary Medicine)

Abstract

The zoonotic origin of the COVID-19 pandemic virus highlights the need to fill the vast gaps in our knowledge of SARS-CoV-2 ecology and evolution in non-human hosts. Here, we detected that SARS-CoV-2 was introduced from humans into white-tailed deer more than 30 times in Ohio, USA during November 2021-March 2022. Subsequently, deer-to-deer transmission persisted for 2–8 months, disseminating across hundreds of kilometers. Newly developed Bayesian phylogenetic methods quantified how SARS-CoV-2 evolution is not only three-times faster in white-tailed deer compared to the rate observed in humans but also driven by different mutational biases and selection pressures. The long-term effect of this accelerated evolutionary rate remains to be seen as no critical phenotypic changes were observed in our animal models using white-tailed deer origin viruses. Still, SARS-CoV-2 has transmitted in white-tailed deer populations for a relatively short duration, and the risk of future changes may have serious consequences for humans and livestock.

Suggested Citation

  • Dillon S. McBride & Sofya K. Garushyants & John Franks & Andrew F. Magee & Steven H. Overend & Devra Huey & Amanda M. Williams & Seth A. Faith & Ahmed Kandeil & Sanja Trifkovic & Lance Miller & Trusha, 2023. "Accelerated evolution of SARS-CoV-2 in free-ranging white-tailed deer," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-15, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:14:y:2023:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-023-40706-y
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40706-y
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
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