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Measuring the frequency chirp of extreme-ultraviolet free-electron laser pulses by transient absorption spectroscopy

Author

Listed:
  • Thomas Ding

    (Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik)

  • Marc Rebholz

    (Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik)

  • Lennart Aufleger

    (Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik)

  • Maximilian Hartmann

    (Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik)

  • Veit Stooß

    (Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik)

  • Alexander Magunia

    (Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik)

  • Paul Birk

    (Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik)

  • Gergana Dimitrova Borisova

    (Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik)

  • David Wachs

    (Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik)

  • Carina da Costa Castanheira

    (Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik)

  • Patrick Rupprecht

    (Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik)

  • Yonghao Mi

    (Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik)

  • Andrew R. Attar

    (University of California)

  • Thomas Gaumnitz

    (Laboratorium für Physikalische Chemie, ETH Zürich)

  • Zhi-Heng Loh

    (Nanyang Technological University)

  • Sebastian Roling

    (Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster)

  • Marco Butz

    (Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster)

  • Helmut Zacharias

    (Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster)

  • Stefan Düsterer

    (Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY)

  • Rolf Treusch

    (Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY)

  • Arvid Eislage

    (Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY)

  • Stefano M. Cavaletto

    (Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik)

  • Christian Ott

    (Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik)

  • Thomas Pfeifer

    (Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik)

Abstract

High-intensity ultrashort pulses at extreme ultraviolet (XUV) and x-ray photon energies, delivered by state-of-the-art free-electron lasers (FELs), are revolutionizing the field of ultrafast spectroscopy. For crossing the next frontiers of research, precise, reliable and practical photonic tools for the spectro-temporal characterization of the pulses are becoming steadily more important. Here, we experimentally demonstrate a technique for the direct measurement of the frequency chirp of extreme-ultraviolet free-electron laser pulses based on fundamental nonlinear optics. It is implemented in XUV-only pump-probe transient-absorption geometry and provides in-situ information on the time-energy structure of FEL pulses. Using a rate-equation model for the time-dependent absorbance changes of an ionized neon target, we show how the frequency chirp can be directly extracted and quantified from measured data. Since the method does not rely on an additional external field, we expect a widespread implementation at FELs benefiting multiple science fields by in-situ on-target measurement and optimization of FEL-pulse properties.

Suggested Citation

  • Thomas Ding & Marc Rebholz & Lennart Aufleger & Maximilian Hartmann & Veit Stooß & Alexander Magunia & Paul Birk & Gergana Dimitrova Borisova & David Wachs & Carina da Costa Castanheira & Patrick Rupp, 2021. "Measuring the frequency chirp of extreme-ultraviolet free-electron laser pulses by transient absorption spectroscopy," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 12(1), pages 1-7, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:12:y:2021:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-020-20846-1
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-20846-1
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    Cited by:

    1. Junting Liu & Fang Yang & Junpeng Lu & Shuai Ye & Haowen Guo & Hongkun Nie & Jialin Zhang & Jingliang He & Baitao Zhang & Zhenhua Ni, 2022. "High output mode-locked laser empowered by defect regulation in 2D Bi2O2Se saturable absorber," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-8, December.

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