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Bankok, vállalatok, rossz hitelek és csődök Magyarországon, 1991-1994
[Banks, firms, bad debts and bankruptcies in Hungary, 1991-1994]

Author

Listed:
  • Bonin, John P.
  • Schaffer, Mark E.

Abstract

A magyar bankrendszerben a kilencvenes évek elején ugrásszerűen megnőtt a rossz hitelek állománya. A szerzők empirikus adatokra támaszkodva amellett érvelnek, hogy ez nem a flowprobléma kiéleződésének, vagyis a rossz hitelezési gyakorlat folytatásának volt a következménye. Ezt inkább a stockprobléma dinamikája okozta, a bankok ugyanis sok rossz hitelt és rossz ügyfelet örököltek a korábbi rendszertől. Ezért elhibázottak voltak azok a regulációs változtatások, amelyeket a rossznak vélt fizetési fegyelem helyreállításának céljából vezettek be 1992 elején. Az új bank és csődtörvény súlyosbította a bankok pénzáramlási (cash flow) problémáit is, de főként a vállalati szférában okozott komoly károkat, mert szétzilálta az eladó-vevő kapcsolatokat. A kormányzat végül programokat indított a bankok feltőkésítésére és a legfontosabb vállalatok megmentésére, de ezek rosszul tervezett, bürokratikus akcióknak bizonyultak, melyek inkább lobbyzásra, mintsem átszervezési programok végrehajtására késztették az érintetteket.

Suggested Citation

  • Bonin, John P. & Schaffer, Mark E., 1996. "Bankok, vállalatok, rossz hitelek és csődök Magyarországon, 1991-1994 [Banks, firms, bad debts and bankruptcies in Hungary, 1991-1994]," Közgazdasági Szemle (Economic Review - monthly of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences), Közgazdasági Szemle Alapítvány (Economic Review Foundation), vol. 0(2), pages 93-113.
    • Handle: RePEc:ksa:szemle:72
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. János Kornai, 1993. "The Evolution of Financial Discipline under the Postsocialist System," Kyklos, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 46(3), pages 315-336, August.
    2. Schaffer, Mark E, 1995. "Government Subsidies to Enterprises in Central and Eastern Europe: Budgetary Subsidies and Tax Arrears," CEPR Discussion Papers 1144, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
    3. Kornai, Janos, 1993. "The Evolution of Financial Discipline under the Postsocialist System," Kyklos, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 46(3), pages 315-336.
    4. Qimiao Fan & Mark E. Schaffer, 1994. "Government financial transfers and enterprise adjustments in Russia, with comparisons to Central and Eastern Europe," The Economics of Transition, The European Bank for Reconstruction and Development, vol. 2(2), pages 151-188, June.
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Ábel, István & Szakadát, László, 1997. "A bankrendszer átalakulása Magyarországon 1987-1996 között [Transformation of the banking system in Hungary between 1987-1996]," Közgazdasági Szemle (Economic Review - monthly of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences), Közgazdasági Szemle Alapítvány (Economic Review Foundation), vol. 0(7), pages 635-652.

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    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • G21 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Banks; Other Depository Institutions; Micro Finance Institutions; Mortgages
    • G28 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Government Policy and Regulation
    • G33 - Financial Economics - - Corporate Finance and Governance - - - Bankruptcy; Liquidation
    • G38 - Financial Economics - - Corporate Finance and Governance - - - Government Policy and Regulation
    • P31 - Political Economy and Comparative Economic Systems - - Socialist Institutions and Their Transitions - - - Socialist Enterprises and Their Transitions
    • P34 - Political Economy and Comparative Economic Systems - - Socialist Institutions and Their Transitions - - - Finance

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