IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/kap/transp/v45y2018i4d10.1007_s11116-018-9866-7.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

An integrated measure of accessibility and reliability of mass transit systems

Author

Listed:
  • Hyun Kim

    (University of Tennessee)

  • Yena Song

    (Chonnam National University)

Abstract

The growth of a city or a metropolis requires well-functioning transit systems to accommodate the ensuing increase in travel demand. As a result, mass transit networks have to develop and expand from simple to complex topological systems over time to meet this demand. Such an evolution in the networks’ structure entails not only a change in network accessibility, but also a change in the level of network reliability on the part of stations and the entire system as well. Network accessibility and reliability are popular measures that have been widely applied to evaluate the resilience and vulnerability of a spatially networked system. However, the use of a single measure, either accessibility or reliability, provides different results, which demand an integrated measure to evaluate the network’s performance comprehensively. In this paper, we propose a set of integrated measures, named ACCREL (Integrated Accessibility and Reliability indicators) that considers both metrics in combination to evaluate a network’s performance and vulnerability. We apply the new measures for hypothetical mass transit system topologies, and a case study of the metro transit system in Seoul follows, highlighting the dynamics of network performance with four evolutionary stages. The main contribution of this study lies in the results from the experiments, which can be used to inform how transport network planning can be prepared to enhance the network functionality, thereby achieving a well-balanced, accessible, and reliable system. Insights on network vulnerability are also drawn for public transportation planners and spatial decision makers.

Suggested Citation

  • Hyun Kim & Yena Song, 2018. "An integrated measure of accessibility and reliability of mass transit systems," Transportation, Springer, vol. 45(4), pages 1075-1100, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:kap:transp:v:45:y:2018:i:4:d:10.1007_s11116-018-9866-7
    DOI: 10.1007/s11116-018-9866-7
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11116-018-9866-7
    File Function: Abstract
    Download Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers.
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1007/s11116-018-9866-7?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Zhang, X. & Miller-Hooks, E. & Denny, K., 2015. "Assessing the role of network topology in transportation network resilience," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 46(C), pages 35-45.
    2. Reggiani, Aura & Nijkamp, Peter & Lanzi, Diego, 2015. "Transport resilience and vulnerability: The role of connectivity," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 81(C), pages 4-15.
    3. Taylor, Michael A.P. & Susilawati,, 2012. "Remoteness and accessibility in the vulnerability analysis of regional road networks," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 46(5), pages 761-771.
    4. Weber, Joe, 2012. "The evolving Interstate Highway System and the changing geography of the United States," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 25(C), pages 70-86.
    5. Cats, O. & Yap, M. & van Oort, N., 2016. "Exposing the role of exposure: Public transport network risk analysis," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 88(C), pages 1-14.
    6. Sybil Derrible, 2012. "Network Centrality of Metro Systems," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 7(7), pages 1-10, July.
    7. van Wee, Bert, 2016. "Accessible accessibility research challenges," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 51(C), pages 9-16.
    8. Oded Cats & Erik Jenelius, 2014. "Dynamic Vulnerability Analysis of Public Transport Networks: Mitigation Effects of Real-Time Information," Networks and Spatial Economics, Springer, vol. 14(3), pages 435-463, December.
    9. Vromans, Michiel J.C.M. & Dekker, Rommert & Kroon, Leo G., 2006. "Reliability and heterogeneity of railway services," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 172(2), pages 647-665, July.
    10. Lin, Jingyi, 2012. "Network analysis of China’s aviation system, statistical and spatial structure," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 22(C), pages 109-117.
    11. Sybil Derrible & Christopher Kennedy, 2010. "Characterizing metro networks: state, form, and structure," Transportation, Springer, vol. 37(2), pages 275-297, March.
    12. Tony H. Grubesic & Timothy C. Matisziw & Alan T. Murray & Diane Snediker, 2008. "Comparative Approaches for Assessing Network Vulnerability," International Regional Science Review, , vol. 31(1), pages 88-112, January.
    13. Yena Song & Hyun Kim, 2015. "Evolution of Subway Network Systems, Subway Accessibility, and Change of Urban Landscape: A Longitudinal Approach to Seoul Metropolitan Area," International Journal of Applied Geospatial Research (IJAGR), IGI Global, vol. 6(2), pages 53-76, April.
    14. Morton E O'Kelly & Hyun Kim & Changjoo Kim, 2006. "Internet Reliability with Realistic Peering," Environment and Planning B, , vol. 33(3), pages 325-343, June.
    15. Hyun Kim, 2012. "P-hub protection models for survivable hub network design," Journal of Geographical Systems, Springer, vol. 14(4), pages 437-461, October.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Luyu Liu & Adam Porr & Harvey J. Miller, 2023. "Realizable accessibility: evaluating the reliability of public transit accessibility using high-resolution real-time data," Journal of Geographical Systems, Springer, vol. 25(3), pages 429-451, July.
    2. Huang, Cheng-Hao & Lin, Yi-Kuei, 2024. "Rescue and safety system development and performance evaluation by network reliability," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 241(C).
    3. Annunziata Esposito Amideo & Stefano Starita & Maria Paola Scaparra, 2019. "Assessing Protection Strategies for Urban Rail Transit Systems: A Case-Study on the Central London Underground," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(22), pages 1-21, November.
    4. Liu, Jie & He, Mingwei & Schonfeld, Paul M. & Kato, Hironori & Li, Anjun, 2022. "Measures of accessibility incorporating time reliability for an urban rail transit network: A case study in Wuhan, China," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 165(C), pages 471-489.
    5. Qingjie Qi & Yangyang Meng & Xiaofei Zhao & Jianzhong Liu, 2022. "Resilience Assessment of an Urban Metro Complex Network: A Case Study of the Zhengzhou Metro," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(18), pages 1-19, September.
    6. Kim, Hyun & Lee, Keumsook & Park, Jong Soo & Song, Yena, 2018. "Transit network expansion and accessibility implications: A case study of Gwangju metropolitan area, South Korea," Research in Transportation Economics, Elsevier, vol. 69(C), pages 544-553.
    7. Zack Aemmer & Andisheh Ranjbari & Don MacKenzie, 2022. "Measurement and classification of transit delays using GTFS-RT data," Public Transport, Springer, vol. 14(2), pages 263-285, June.
    8. Feng, Rui & Zhang, Jin & Wu, Yuelong & Wu, Ruibo & Yao, Baozhen, 2023. "School accessibility evaluation under mixed-load school bus routing problem strategies," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 131(C), pages 75-86.
    9. Jiangang Shi & Shiping Wen & Xianbo Zhao & Guangdong Wu, 2019. "Sustainable Development of Urban Rail Transit Networks: A Vulnerability Perspective," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(5), pages 1-24, March.
    10. Yera, Yoel G. & Lillo, Rosa E. & Nielsen, Bo F. & Ramírez-Cobo, Pepa & Ruggeri, Fabrizio, 2021. "A bivariate two-state Markov modulated Poisson process for failure modeling," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 208(C).
    11. Bree, Sarah & Fuller, Daniel & Diab, Ehab, 2020. "Access to transit? Validating local transit accessibility measures using transit ridership," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 141(C), pages 430-442.
    12. Hong, Wei-Ting & Clifton, Geoffrey & Nelson, John D., 2022. "Rail transport system vulnerability analysis and policy implementation: Past progress and future directions," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 128(C), pages 299-308.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Luo, Ding & Cats, Oded & van Lint, Hans & Currie, Graham, 2019. "Integrating network science and public transport accessibility analysis for comparative assessment," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 80(C).
    2. Cats, Oded & Koppenol, Gert-Jaap & Warnier, Martijn, 2017. "Robustness assessment of link capacity reduction for complex networks: Application for public transport systems," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 167(C), pages 544-553.
    3. Pan, Shouzheng & Yan, Hai & He, Jia & He, Zhengbing, 2021. "Vulnerability and resilience of transportation systems: A recent literature review," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 581(C).
    4. Almotahari, Amirmasoud & Yazici, Anil, 2021. "A computationally efficient metric for identification of critical links in large transportation networks," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 209(C).
    5. Caterina Malandri & Luca Mantecchini & Filippo Paganelli & Maria Nadia Postorino, 2021. "Public Transport Network Vulnerability and Delay Distribution among Travelers," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(16), pages 1-14, August.
    6. Qing-Chang Lu & Shan Lin, 2019. "Vulnerability Analysis of Urban Rail Transit Network within Multi-Modal Public Transport Networks," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(7), pages 1-14, April.
    7. Almotahari, Amirmasoud & Yazici, M. Anil, 2019. "A link criticality index embedded in the convex combinations solution of user equilibrium traffic assignment," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 126(C), pages 67-82.
    8. Hong, Liu & Ye, Bowen & Yan, Han & Zhang, Hui & Ouyang, Min & (Sean) He, Xiaozheng, 2019. "Spatiotemporal vulnerability analysis of railway systems with heterogeneous train flows," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 130(C), pages 725-744.
    9. Cats, O., 2016. "The robustness value of public transport development plans," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 51(C), pages 236-246.
    10. Sun, Daniel (Jian) & Guan, Shituo, 2016. "Measuring vulnerability of urban metro network from line operation perspective," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 94(C), pages 348-359.
    11. Li, Tao & Rong, Lili & Yan, Kesheng, 2019. "Vulnerability analysis and critical area identification of public transport system: A case of high-speed rail and air transport coupling system in China," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 127(C), pages 55-70.
    12. Novak, D.C. & Sullivan, J.F. & Sentoff, K. & Dowds, J., 2020. "A framework to guide strategic disinvestment in roadway infrastructure considering social vulnerability," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 132(C), pages 436-451.
    13. Cats, Oded, 2017. "Topological evolution of a metropolitan rail transport network: The case of Stockholm," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 62(C), pages 172-183.
    14. Gonçalves, L.A.P.J. & Ribeiro, P.J.G., 2020. "Resilience of urban transportation systems. Concept, characteristics, and methods," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 85(C).
    15. M. D. Yap & N. Oort & R. Nes & B. Arem, 2018. "Identification and quantification of link vulnerability in multi-level public transport networks: a passenger perspective," Transportation, Springer, vol. 45(4), pages 1161-1180, July.
    16. Cats, Oded & Krishnakumari, Panchamy, 2020. "Metropolitan rail network robustness," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 549(C).
    17. Lu, Qing-Chang, 2018. "Modeling network resilience of rail transit under operational incidents," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 117(C), pages 227-237.
    18. Wang, Xiangrong & Koç, Yakup & Derrible, Sybil & Ahmad, Sk Nasir & Pino, Willem J.A. & Kooij, Robert E., 2017. "Multi-criteria robustness analysis of metro networks," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 474(C), pages 19-31.
    19. Jiangang Shi & Shiping Wen & Xianbo Zhao & Guangdong Wu, 2019. "Sustainable Development of Urban Rail Transit Networks: A Vulnerability Perspective," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(5), pages 1-24, March.
    20. Reggiani, Aura & Nijkamp, Peter & Lanzi, Diego, 2015. "Transport resilience and vulnerability: The role of connectivity," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 81(C), pages 4-15.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:kap:transp:v:45:y:2018:i:4:d:10.1007_s11116-018-9866-7. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Sonal Shukla or Springer Nature Abstracting and Indexing (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.springer.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.