Numerical Study of Convection and Radiation Heat Transfer in Pipe Cable

Pipe cable is considered as an important form for underground transmission line. The maximum electrical current (ampacity) of power cable system mostly depends on the cable conductor temperature. Therefore, accurate calculation of temperature distribution in the power cable system is quite important to extract the cable ampacity. In the present paper, the fluid flow and heat transfer characteristics in the pipe cable with alternating current were numerically studied by using commercial code COMSOL MULTIPHYSICS based on finite element method (FEM). The cable core loss and eddy current loss in the cable were coupled for the heat transfer simulation, and the difference of heat transfer performances with pure natural convection model and radiation-convection model was compared and analysed in detail. Meanwhile, for the radiation-convection model, the effects caused by radiant emissivity of cable surface and pipe inner surface, as well as the cable location in the pipe, were also discussed. Firstly, it is revealed that the radiation and natural convection heat flux on the cable surface would be of the same order of magnitude, and the radiation heat transfer on the cable surface should not be ignored. Otherwise, the cable ampacity would be underestimated. Secondly, it is found that the overall heat transfer rate on the cable surface increases as the cable surface emissivity increases, and this is more remarkable to the upper cable. While the effect caused by the radiant emissivity on the pipe inner surface would be relatively small. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that, as cable location in the pipe falls, the natural convection heat transfer would be enhanced. These results would be meaningful for the ampacity prediction and optimum design for the pipe cable.