IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jsusta/v15y2023i9p7115-d1131467.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Assessment of the Water Footprint in Low-Income Urban Neighborhoods from Developing Countries: Case Study Fátima (Gamarra, Colombia)

Author

Listed:
  • Brayan Alexis Parra-Orobio

    (Grupo de Investigación en Recurso Hídrico y Saneamiento Ambiental-GPH, Facultad de Ingenierías Fisicomecánicas, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Carrera 27 Calle 9 Ciudad Universitaria, Bucaramanga 680002, Colombia
    Grupo de Investigación Gestión Ambiental y Territorios Sostenibles-GE&TES, Facultad de Ingenierías y Tecnologías, Universidad Popular del Cesar, Seccional Aguachica, Carrera 40 # 1Norte-58, Aguachica 25010, Colombia)

  • Jonathan Soto-Paz

    (Grupo de Investigación en Amenazas, Vulnerabilidad y Riesgos a Fenómenos Naturales, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Investigación y Desarrollo, Calle 9 # 23-55, Bucaramanga 680002, Colombia)

  • Anulfo Ramos-Santos

    (Grupo de Investigación Gestión Ambiental y Territorios Sostenibles-GE&TES, Facultad de Ingenierías y Tecnologías, Universidad Popular del Cesar, Seccional Aguachica, Carrera 40 # 1Norte-58, Aguachica 25010, Colombia)

  • Keiner Fernando Sanjuan-Quintero

    (Grupo de Investigación Gestión Ambiental y Territorios Sostenibles-GE&TES, Facultad de Ingenierías y Tecnologías, Universidad Popular del Cesar, Seccional Aguachica, Carrera 40 # 1Norte-58, Aguachica 25010, Colombia)

  • Rossember Saldaña-Escorcia

    (Grupo de Investigación Gestión Ambiental y Territorios Sostenibles-GE&TES, Facultad de Ingenierías y Tecnologías, Universidad Popular del Cesar, Seccional Aguachica, Carrera 40 # 1Norte-58, Aguachica 25010, Colombia)

  • Isabel Cristina Dominguez-Rivera

    (Grupo de Investigación en Recurso Hídrico y Saneamiento Ambiental-GPH, Facultad de Ingenierías Fisicomecánicas, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Carrera 27 Calle 9 Ciudad Universitaria, Bucaramanga 680002, Colombia)

  • Antoni Sánchez

    (Composting Research Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, Autonomous University of Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain)

Abstract

The increasing pressure on water resources due to population growth and high water consumption, especially in urban areas from tropical developing countries, has led to a rise in water stress. The sustainability analysis of the Total Water Footprint (WF total ) and the Environmental Sustainability Index (SI blue ) are holistic water management tools that allow for establishing pressures over water resources. This study assessed the WF total and their components (Blue, Green, and Gray) in the households of a low-income tropical neighborhood in Colombia with sanitation deficiencies. The activities associated with intra-household water use and higher environmental impact were identified, considering socioeconomic conditions and the water quality in the receiving water body, a wetland, through the application of surveys in a sample of households. The results showed that 86.7% of the WF was the WF green , followed by the WF gray (13.2%), and finally, the WF blue (0.2%). The high value of the WF green was related to food consumption patterns, which varied according to socioeconomic level. Likewise, the SI blue shows that the Baquero wetland presented scarcity scenarios regarding water quality and sedimentation, threatening the environmental service provision from this strategic ecosystem. Finally, tools such as the WF total and SI blue help identify strategies that could be implemented to reduce the pressure on the water resources and the water quality degradation in ecosystems relevant to global sustainability as wetlands.

Suggested Citation

  • Brayan Alexis Parra-Orobio & Jonathan Soto-Paz & Anulfo Ramos-Santos & Keiner Fernando Sanjuan-Quintero & Rossember Saldaña-Escorcia & Isabel Cristina Dominguez-Rivera & Antoni Sánchez, 2023. "Assessment of the Water Footprint in Low-Income Urban Neighborhoods from Developing Countries: Case Study Fátima (Gamarra, Colombia)," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(9), pages 1-21, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:9:p:7115-:d:1131467
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/9/7115/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/9/7115/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Subhash Andey & Prakash Kelkar, 2009. "Influence of Intermittent and Continuous Modes of Water Supply on Domestic Water Consumption," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 23(12), pages 2555-2566, September.
    2. Denis Michalina & Peter Mederly & Hans Diefenbacher & Benjamin Held, 2021. "Sustainable Urban Development: A Review of Urban Sustainability Indicator Frameworks," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(16), pages 1-20, August.
    3. Yuan, Mei-Hua & Lo, Shang-Lien, 2020. "Developing indicators for the monitoring of the sustainability of food, energy, and water," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 119(C).
    4. Pan He & Giovanni Baiocchi & Klaus Hubacek & Kuishuang Feng & Yang Yu, 2018. "The environmental impacts of rapidly changing diets and their nutritional quality in China," Nature Sustainability, Nature, vol. 1(3), pages 122-127, March.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Libor Ansorge, 2023. "Why Don’t Scientists Follow the Water Footprint Assessment Manual? Example of One Study," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(12), pages 1-5, June.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. He, Liuyue & Xu, Zhenci & Wang, Sufen & Bao, Jianxia & Fan, Yunfei & Daccache, Andre, 2022. "Optimal crop planting pattern can be harmful to reach carbon neutrality: Evidence from food-energy-water-carbon nexus perspective," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 308(C).
    2. Shuai Qin & Hong Chen & Haokun Wang, 2021. "Spatial–Temporal Heterogeneity and Driving Factors of Rural Residents’ Food Consumption Carbon Emissions in China—Based on an ESDA-GWR Model," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(22), pages 1-17, November.
    3. Agathoklis Agathokleous & Symeon Christodoulou, 2016. "Vulnerability of Urban Water Distribution Networks under Intermittent Water Supply Operations," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 30(13), pages 4731-4750, October.
    4. Yicong Li & Qiran Zhao & Tianchang Zhai & Wei Si, 2023. "Structural transition of protein intake in urban China: Stage characteristics and driving forces," Agribusiness, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 39(S1), pages 1559-1577, December.
    5. Chengjun Wang & Mengshan Lv & Lei Li, 2023. "Towards a Win-Win Solution for Dietary Health and Carbon Reduction—Evidence from the Yangtze River Delta in China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(4), pages 1-15, February.
    6. Liangxin Fan & Guobin Liu & Fei Wang & Coen Ritsema & Violette Geissen, 2014. "Domestic Water Consumption under Intermittent and Continuous Modes of Water Supply," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 28(3), pages 853-865, February.
    7. Yuan, Mei-Hua & Lo, Shang-Lien, 2022. "Principles of food-energy-water nexus governance," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 155(C).
    8. Iulia Dolganova & Natalia Mikosch & Markus Berger & Montserrat Núñez & Andrea Müller-Frank & Matthias Finkbeiner, 2019. "The Water Footprint of European Agricultural Imports: Hotspots in the Context of Water Scarcity," Resources, MDPI, vol. 8(3), pages 1-11, August.
    9. Jha, Priyanka & Schmidt, Stefan, 2021. "State of biofuel development in sub-Saharan Africa: How far sustainable?," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 150(C).
    10. Adam Przybyłowski & Agnieszka Kałaska & Piotr Przybyłowski, 2022. "Quest for a Tool Measuring Urban Quality of Life: ISO 37120 Standard Sustainable Development Indicators," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(8), pages 1-17, April.
    11. Saba Alnusairat & Jenan Abu Qadourah & Rawan Khattab, 2023. "Assessing the Future City Post COVID-19: Linking the SDGs, Health, Resilience, and Psychological Impact," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(1), pages 1-24, January.
    12. Jasmin Wehner & Xiaohua Yu, 2023. "Carbon tax on milk products and the exact consumer welfare measure in emerging economies," Agribusiness, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 39(S1), pages 1595-1623, December.
    13. Regina Veckalne & Tatjana Tambovceva, 2023. "Evaluating Urban Sustainability in Uzbekistan: A Novel Formula for Empirical Analysis," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(9), pages 1-13, April.
    14. Li, Shaoting & Chen, Xuan & Ren, Yanjun & Glauben, Thomas, 2024. "The impact of demographic dynamics on food consumption and its environmental outcomes: Evidence from China," EconStor Open Access Articles and Book Chapters, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, vol. 23(2), pages 414-429.
    15. Mingshun Zhang & Yitong Yang & Chun Xia-Bauer, 2021. "Measuring Urban Low-Carbon Sustainability in Four Chinese Cities," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(21), pages 1-15, November.
    16. Aurora Gullotta & Alberto Campisano & Enrico Creaco & Carlo Modica, 2021. "A Simplified Methodology for Optimal Location and Setting of Valves to Improve Equity in Intermittent Water Distribution Systems," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 35(13), pages 4477-4494, October.
    17. Jiawang Zhang & Jianguo Wang & Jingmei Tao & Siqi Tang & Wutao Zhao, 2022. "Integrated Zoning Protection of Urban Remains from Perspective of Sustainable Development—A Case Study of Changchun," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(10), pages 1-20, May.
    18. Ray, Manojit & Chakraborty, Basab, 2021. "Impact of demand response on escalating energy access with affordable solar photovoltaic generation in the Global South," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 143(C).
    19. Zolfaghari, Mehdi & Jariani, Farzaneh, 2020. "Water-Energy-Food Nexus in the Middle East and North African Countries (MENA)," MPRA Paper 104583, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    20. Oriol Gavaldà & Christopher Gibbs & Ursula Eicker, 2023. "A Review of Current Evaluation Urban Sustainability Indicator Frameworks and a Proposal for Improvement," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(21), pages 1-22, October.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:9:p:7115-:d:1131467. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.