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Almonds By-Product Microcrystalline Cellulose as Stucco for Wooden Artifacts

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  • Giulia D’Agostino

    (Physics and Chemistry Department (DiFC), University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, 90128 Palermo, Italy
    Dipartimento di Scienze dell’Antichità, Università degli Studi di Roma “La Sapienza”, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Rosalia Merra

    (Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, 90128 Palermo, Italy
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Francesco Sottile

    (Dipartimento di Architettura, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, 90128 Palermo, Italy
    Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca “Riutilizzo Bio-Based Degli Scarti da Matrici Agroalimentari” (RIVIVE), Università degli Studi di Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy)

  • Giuseppe Lazzara

    (Physics and Chemistry Department (DiFC), University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, 90128 Palermo, Italy
    Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca “Riutilizzo Bio-Based Degli Scarti da Matrici Agroalimentari” (RIVIVE), Università degli Studi di Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy)

  • Maurizio Bruno

    (Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, 90128 Palermo, Italy
    Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca “Riutilizzo Bio-Based Degli Scarti da Matrici Agroalimentari” (RIVIVE), Università degli Studi di Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy)

Abstract

Over the years in the field of conservation of cultural heritage, a wide use of traditional products for the plastic reintegration of wooden artifacts has been seen. However, they are usually not designed for this purpose. The present study also shows, in terms of material compatibility, the material most suited for wood restoration, cellulose pulp, from the perspective of a new green approach of reusing waste. Indeed, microcellulose was obtained by simple alkaline treatment from softwood almond shells. In particular, Prunus dulcis Miller (D.A.) Webb. was considered an agro-industrial waste largely available in southern Italy. To value the possibility of using this material in a circular economy framework, a microcellulosic material was used, by adding different binders, to manufacture several stuccos to utilize as wood consolidants. Successively, in order to obtain stuccos with biocidal properties against fungal colonization or insect infestation, to which wooden artifacts are often exposed, cellulose pulp was combined with the essential oil of Thymus capitaus (L.) Hoffmanns. & Link., whose biological properties have been largely reported. The physical flexion properties of all new materials were tested.

Suggested Citation

  • Giulia D’Agostino & Rosalia Merra & Francesco Sottile & Giuseppe Lazzara & Maurizio Bruno, 2023. "Almonds By-Product Microcrystalline Cellulose as Stucco for Wooden Artifacts," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(10), pages 1-12, May.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:10:p:7800-:d:1143364
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Francesco Sottile & Stefano Massaglia & Cristiana Peano, 2020. "Ecological and Economic Indicators for the Evaluation of Almond ( Prunus dulcis L.) Orchard Renewal in Sicily," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 10(7), pages 1-14, July.
    2. Aguado, Roque & Cuevas, Manuel & Pérez-Villarejo, Luis & Martínez-Cartas, Ma Lourdes & Sánchez, Sebastián, 2020. "Upgrading almond-tree pruning as a biofuel via wet torrefaction," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 145(C), pages 2091-2100.
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    Cited by:

    1. Selene Ollani & Cristiana Peano & Francesco Sottile, 2024. "Recent Innovations on the Reuse of Almond and Hazelnut By-Products: A Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(6), pages 1-33, March.

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