IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jsusta/v12y2020i2p727-d310645.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Application of Water Poverty Index (WPI) in Spatial Analysis of Water Stress in Koshi River Basin, Nepal

Author

Listed:
  • Saroj Koirala

    (Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
    University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China)

  • Yiping Fang

    (Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
    College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China)

  • Nirmal Mani Dahal

    (Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
    University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China)

  • Chenjia Zhang

    (Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
    University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China)

  • Bikram Pandey

    (University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
    Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China)

  • Sabita Shrestha

    (University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
    Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China)

Abstract

Water and poverty interface is strongly interconnected and a robust assessment of water stress is crucial to identify needy areas and develop appropriate intervention for poverty reduction. Water Poverty Index (WPI) provides an interdisciplinary tool to assess water stress by linking physical estimates of water availability with socio-economic drivers of poverty. This study presents an application of Water Poverty Index (WPI) to estimate and compare the level of water stress in 27 districts of Koshi River Basin in Nepal. Based on data availability, relevance to the study area and review of literatures, 12 indicators were selected under five key components outlined by WPI. The study result shows medium-low degree (WPI = 54.4) of water poverty in the Koshi River Basin in Nepal. The WPI score varies widely (from 49.75 to 69.29) along the districts and it was found that districts in Tarai regions and urban areas were more water stressed compared to the districts in mid-hill and high-hill regions. Priorities for intervention must be given to the districts in Tarai regions and urban areas with a low WPI score, explicitly on the sector regarding access to water and sanitation to address water poverty in the basin.

Suggested Citation

  • Saroj Koirala & Yiping Fang & Nirmal Mani Dahal & Chenjia Zhang & Bikram Pandey & Sabita Shrestha, 2020. "Application of Water Poverty Index (WPI) in Spatial Analysis of Water Stress in Koshi River Basin, Nepal," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(2), pages 1-20, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:12:y:2020:i:2:p:727-:d:310645
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/12/2/727/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/12/2/727/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Piyush Dahal & Nicky Shrestha & Madan Shrestha & Nir Krakauer & Jeeban Panthi & Soni Pradhanang & Ajay Jha & Tarendra Lakhankar, 2016. "Drought risk assessment in central Nepal: temporal and spatial analysis," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 80(3), pages 1913-1932, February.
    2. Peter Lawrence & Jeremy Meigh & Caroline Sullivan, 2002. "The Water Poverty Index: an International Comparison," Development and Comp Systems 0211003, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    3. Piyush Dahal & Nicky Shree Shrestha & Madan Lall Shrestha & Nir Y. Krakauer & Jeeban Panthi & Soni M. Pradhanang & Ajay Jha & Tarendra Lakhankar, 2016. "Drought risk assessment in central Nepal: temporal and spatial analysis," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 80(3), pages 1913-1932, February.
    4. Mohamed Hamouda & Mohamed Nour El-Din & Fawzia Moursy, 2009. "Vulnerability Assessment of Water Resources Systems in the Eastern Nile Basin," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 23(13), pages 2697-2725, October.
    5. Shan Huang & Qi Feng & Zhixiang Lu & Xiaohu Wen & Ravinesh C. Deo, 2017. "Trend Analysis of Water Poverty Index for Assessment of Water Stress and Water Management Polices: A Case Study in the Hexi Corridor, China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 9(5), pages 1-17, May.
    6. Sujata Manandhar & Vishnu Pandey & Futaba Kazama, 2012. "Application of Water Poverty Index (WPI) in Nepalese Context: A Case Study of Kali Gandaki River Basin (KGRB)," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 26(1), pages 89-107, January.
    7. Palazzoli, I. & Maskey, S. & Uhlenbrook, S. & Nana, E. & Bocchiola, D., 2015. "Impact of prospective climate change on water resources and crop yields in the Indrawati basin, Nepal," Agricultural Systems, Elsevier, vol. 133(C), pages 143-157.
    8. J. Meigh & A. McKenzie & K. Sene, 1999. "A Grid-Based Approach to Water Scarcity Estimates for Eastern and Southern Africa," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 13(2), pages 85-115, April.
    9. Vishnu Pandey & Sujata Manandhar & Futaba Kazama, 2012. "Water Poverty Situation of Medium-sized River Basins in Nepal," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 26(9), pages 2475-2489, July.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Yessi Rahmawati & Andiga Kusuma Nur Ichsan & Annisaa Rizky Dwi Brintanti & Iqram Ramadhan Jamil, 2023. "Geo-spatial analysis: the impact of agriculture productivity, drought, and irrigation on poverty in East Java, Indonesia," Letters in Spatial and Resource Sciences, Springer, vol. 16(1), pages 1-20, December.
    2. Vinita Yadav & Zeeshan Ibrar, 2022. "Relationship of Water Stress and Flood Damage for Sustainable Development," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 36(4), pages 1323-1338, March.
    3. Ran Zhu & Yiping Fang, 2022. "Application of a Water Supply-Demand Balance Model to Set Priorities for Improvements in Water Supply Systems: A Case Study from the Koshi River Basin, Nepal," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(3), pages 1-16, January.
    4. Leila Zoleikhaie Sayyar & Karim Naderi Mahdei & Hossein Shabanali Fami & Mahsa Motaghed, 2022. "Developing and Analyzing the Agricultural Water Poverty Index in West Iran," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(3), pages 1-15, January.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Hatem Jemmali & Mohamed Salah Matoussi, 2012. "A Multidimensional Analysis of Water Poverty at A Local Scale- Application of Improved Water Poverty Index for Tunisia," Working Papers 730, Economic Research Forum, revised 2012.
    2. Julie Wilk & Anna Jonsson, 2013. "From Water Poverty to Water Prosperity—A More Participatory Approach to Studying Local Water Resources Management," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 27(3), pages 695-713, February.
    3. Vishnu Pandey & Sujata Manandhar & Futaba Kazama, 2012. "Water Poverty Situation of Medium-sized River Basins in Nepal," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 26(9), pages 2475-2489, July.
    4. Shan Huang & Qi Feng & Zhixiang Lu & Xiaohu Wen & Ravinesh C. Deo, 2017. "Trend Analysis of Water Poverty Index for Assessment of Water Stress and Water Management Polices: A Case Study in the Hexi Corridor, China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 9(5), pages 1-17, May.
    5. Isha Goel & Seema Sharma & Smita Kashiramka, 2020. "The Water Poverty Index: An application in the Indian context," Natural Resources Forum, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 44(3), pages 195-218, August.
    6. Prabhat Khanal & Rajan Dhakal & Tanka Khanal & Deepak Pandey & Naba Raj Devkota & Mette Olaf Nielsen, 2022. "Sustainable Livestock Production in Nepal: A Focus on Animal Nutrition Strategies," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 12(5), pages 1-20, May.
    7. Caroline Sullivan & Jeremy Meigh, 2007. "Integration of the biophysical and social sciences using an indicator approach: Addressing water problems at different scales," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 21(1), pages 111-128, January.
    8. Sujata Manandhar & Vishnu Pandey & Futaba Kazama, 2012. "Application of Water Poverty Index (WPI) in Nepalese Context: A Case Study of Kali Gandaki River Basin (KGRB)," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 26(1), pages 89-107, January.
    9. Alex Dunne & Yuriy Kuleshov, 2023. "Drought risk assessment and mapping for the Murray–Darling Basin, Australia," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 115(1), pages 839-863, January.
    10. A. Majeed Nadeem & Roland Cheo & Huang Shaoan, 2018. "Multidimensional Analysis of Water Poverty and Subjective Well-Being: A Case Study on Local Household Variation in Faisalabad, Pakistan," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 138(1), pages 207-224, July.
    11. Pawan K. Chaubey & Prashant K. Srivastava & Akhilesh Gupta & R. K. Mall, 2021. "Integrated assessment of extreme events and hydrological responses of Indo-Nepal Gandak River Basin," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 23(6), pages 8643-8668, June.
    12. Wen Song & Shisong Cao & Mingyi Du & You Mo & Suju Li, 2022. "Investigation of compound drought risk and driving factors in Nepal," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 114(2), pages 1365-1391, November.
    13. Jinlong Shen & Jiafen Li & Yu Zhang & Jianfeng Song, 2023. "Farmers’ Water Poverty Measurement and Analysis of Endogenous Drivers," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 37(11), pages 4309-4326, September.
    14. Neda Khanmohammadi & Hossein Rezaie & Majid Montaseri & Javad Behmanesh, 2017. "The Effect of Temperature Adjustment on Reference Evapotranspiration and Reconnaissance Drought Index (RDI) in Iran," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 31(15), pages 5001-5017, December.
    15. Hatem Jemmali & Caroline Sullivan, 2014. "Multidimensional Analysis of Water Poverty in MENA Region: An Empirical Comparison with Physical Indicators," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 115(1), pages 253-277, January.
    16. Tung-Tsan Chen & Wei-Ling Hsu & Wen-Kuang Chen, 2020. "An Assessment of Water Resources in the Taiwan Strait Island Using the Water Poverty Index," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(6), pages 1-22, March.
    17. Leila Zoleikhaie Sayyar & Karim Naderi Mahdei & Hossein Shabanali Fami & Mahsa Motaghed, 2022. "Developing and Analyzing the Agricultural Water Poverty Index in West Iran," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(3), pages 1-15, January.
    18. Lisa Guppy, 2014. "The Water Poverty Index in rural Cambodia and Viet Nam: A holistic snapshot to improve water management planning," Natural Resources Forum, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 38(3), pages 203-219, August.
    19. Hatem Jemmali, 2018. "Water Poverty in Africa: A Review and Synthesis of Issues, Potentials, and Policy Implications," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 136(1), pages 335-358, February.
    20. Ryan Plummer & Rob Loë & Derek Armitage, 2012. "A Systematic Review of Water Vulnerability Assessment Tools," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 26(15), pages 4327-4346, December.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:12:y:2020:i:2:p:727-:d:310645. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.