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A Systematic Study on the Analysis of the Emission of CO, CO 2 and HC for Four-Wheelers and Its Impact on the Sustainable Ecosystem

Author

Listed:
  • Rohit Sharma

    (Departments of Electronics & Communication Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, NCR Campus, Ghaziabad 201204, India)

  • Raghvendra Kumar

    (Department of Computer Science and Engineering, GIET University, Gunupur, Odisha 765022, India)

  • Pradeep Kumar Singh

    (Department of CSE, ABES Engineering College, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh Pin-201009, India)

  • Maria Simona Raboaca

    (National Research and Development Institute for Cryogenic and Isotopic Technologies—ICSI Rm. Valcea, Uzinei Street, No. 4, P.O. Box 7 Raureni, 240050 Valcea, Romania
    Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Stefan cel Mare University of Suceava, Universităţii Street, No.13, 720229 Suceava, Romania)

  • Raluca-Andreea Felseghi

    (Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Stefan cel Mare University of Suceava, Universităţii Street, No.13, 720229 Suceava, Romania)

Abstract

The urbanization in Delhi NCR has led to a rapid increase in the vehicle count concerning the rise in population and mobilization. The emissions from the vehicles are currently counted amongst the main sources of air pollution in Delhi. This affects the quality of air. The emission criterion of various pollutants that are emitted from vehicles is evaluated through various International models, which include various vehicles, their modes of pollutants emitted while driving and other factors that are affecting the weather. The approximate emission of pollutants such as Carbon Monoxide (CO) and/or Particulate Matter (PM), from a variety of vehicles and different fuel types, has undergone diurnal variation over the years, depending on the time of the day. This study presents the emission factor of gaseous pollutants Hydrocarbons (HC), Carbon Monoxides (CO) and Carbon Dioxide (CO 2 ) of 181 four-wheeler cars from different companies containing different types of fuels. The measurement of gaseous pollutants is performed for Delhi, the most polluted city in India. The various facts and data were calculated and analyzed with reference to the standard values set by the national schemes of the Pollution and Environment. Based on this statistical data obtained and analyzed, the scenarios regarding future vehicle growth rate and its impact on air quality are mentioned to overcome emission problems. Therefore, it is important to develop and deploy methods for obtaining real-world measurements of vehicle emissions, to estimate the pollutants. The analysis shows that few parameters need to be a concern for reducing the pollutants emission by vehicles. These major parameters are the high survival rates, decrease in annual mileage and major enforcement for three-to-five-year-old vehicles. This study shows that many old vehicles are used in different regions of the country, regardless of many notifications of banning old vehicles by the Government of India. These old vehicles are the major source of vehicle pollutants. The analysis stated that the diesel engine would emit less CO 2 /km than a petrol engine if having an almost similar engine capacity.

Suggested Citation

  • Rohit Sharma & Raghvendra Kumar & Pradeep Kumar Singh & Maria Simona Raboaca & Raluca-Andreea Felseghi, 2020. "A Systematic Study on the Analysis of the Emission of CO, CO 2 and HC for Four-Wheelers and Its Impact on the Sustainable Ecosystem," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(17), pages 1-24, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:12:y:2020:i:17:p:6707-:d:400916
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    4. Gonçalo Marques & Jagriti Saini & Maitreyee Dutta & Pradeep Kumar Singh & Wei-Chiang Hong, 2020. "Indoor Air Quality Monitoring Systems for Enhanced Living Environments: A Review toward Sustainable Smart Cities," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(10), pages 1-21, May.
    5. Omer Saud Azeez & Biswajeet Pradhan & Helmi Z. M. Shafri, 2018. "Vehicular CO Emission Prediction Using Support Vector Regression Model and GIS," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(10), pages 1-18, September.
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    Cited by:

    1. Rohit Sharma & Raghvendra Kumar & Devendra Kumar Sharma & Manash Sarkar & Brojo Kishore Mishra & Vikram Puri & Ishaani Priyadarshini & Pham Huy Thong & Phuong Thao Thi Ngo & Viet-Ha Nhu, 2022. "Water pollution examination through quality analysis of different rivers: a case study in India," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 24(6), pages 7471-7492, June.

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