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Understanding Dynamics of Mangrove Forest on Protected Areas of Hainan Island, China: 30 Years of Evidence from Remote Sensing

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  • Jingjuan Liao

    (Key Laboratory of Digital Earth Science, Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China
    Key Laboratory of Earth Observation Hainan Province, Sanya 572000, China)

  • Jianing Zhen

    (Key Laboratory of Digital Earth Science, Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China
    Key Laboratory of Earth Observation Hainan Province, Sanya 572000, China
    University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China)

  • Li Zhang

    (Key Laboratory of Digital Earth Science, Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China
    Key Laboratory of Earth Observation Hainan Province, Sanya 572000, China)

  • Graciela Metternicht

    (School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia)

Abstract

Implementation of the UN Sustainable Development Goals requires countries to determine targets for the protection, conservation, or restoration of coastal ecosystems such as mangrove forests by 2030. Satellite remote sensing provides historical and current data on the distribution and dynamics of mangrove forests, essential baseline data that are needed to design suitable policy interventions. In this study, Landsat time series were used to map trends and dynamics of mangrove change over a time span of 30 years (1987–2017) in protected areas of Hainan Island (China). A support vector machine algorithm was combined with visual interpretation of imagery and result showed alternating periods of expansion and loss of mangrove forest at seven selected sites on Hainan Island. Over this period, there was a net decrease in mangrove area of 9.3%, with anthropic activities such as land conversion for aquaculture, wastewater disposal and discharge, and tourism development appearing to be the likely drivers of this decline in cover. Long-term studies examining trends in land use cover change coupled with assessments of drivers of loss or gain enable the development of evidence based on policy and legislation. This forms the basis of financing of natural reserves of management and institutional capacity building, and facilitates public awareness and participation, including co-management.

Suggested Citation

  • Jingjuan Liao & Jianing Zhen & Li Zhang & Graciela Metternicht, 2019. "Understanding Dynamics of Mangrove Forest on Protected Areas of Hainan Island, China: 30 Years of Evidence from Remote Sensing," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(19), pages 1-16, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:11:y:2019:i:19:p:5356-:d:271569
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Catherine E. Lovelock & Donald R. Cahoon & Daniel A. Friess & Glenn R. Guntenspergen & Ken W. Krauss & Ruth Reef & Kerrylee Rogers & Megan L. Saunders & Frida Sidik & Andrew Swales & Neil Saintilan & , 2015. "The vulnerability of Indo-Pacific mangrove forests to sea-level rise," Nature, Nature, vol. 526(7574), pages 559-563, October.
    2. Myroslava Lesiv & Linda See & Juan Carlos Laso Bayas & Tobias Sturn & Dmitry Schepaschenko & Mathias Karner & Inian Moorthy & Ian McCallum & Steffen Fritz, 2018. "Characterizing the Spatial and Temporal Availability of Very High Resolution Satellite Imagery in Google Earth and Microsoft Bing Maps as a Source of Reference Data," Land, MDPI, vol. 7(4), pages 1-18, October.
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