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Beach Scenic Quality versus Beach Concessions: Case Studies from Southern Italy

Author

Listed:
  • Alexis Mooser

    (Department of Science and Technology (DiST), Parthenope University, 80143 Naples, Italy
    Faculty of Marine and Environmental Sciences, University of Cádiz, 11510 Cádiz, Spain)

  • Giorgio Anfuso

    (Faculty of Marine and Environmental Sciences, University of Cádiz, 11510 Cádiz, Spain)

  • Enzo Pranzini

    (Department of Earth Sciences, University of Florence, 50121 Florence, Italy)

  • Angela Rizzo

    (Department of Earth Sciences and Geo-Environmental (DISTeGEO), University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70122 Bari, Italy)

  • Pietro P. C. Aucelli

    (Department of Science and Technology (DiST), Parthenope University, 80143 Naples, Italy)

Abstract

This paper essentially aims to identify coastal sites of great scenic value not (or barely) affected by human intrusions and propose sound management interventions to improve their landscape quality. Today, management of coastal areas in Italy is a very complex task essentially because of institutional fragmentation and overlapping of laws/regulations at the national, regional and municipal levels. It is estimated that only half of the country’s beaches are freely accessible and usable for bathing, i.e., 43% are occupied by private concessions and in 7.2% bathing is not allowed because of water pollution. Sites’ scenic quality was assessed using the Coastal Scenic Evaluation System (CSES), a robust semi-quantitative methodology based on a set of 26 physical/human parameters, weighting matrices parameters and fuzzy logic mathematics. An evaluation index (D) was afterward obtained for each site and used to classify them into five scenic classes. After a long process of field testing along the coasts of the Tyrrhenian, Ionic and Adriatic seas (25 municipalities, 7 provinces and 4 regions: Campania, Basilicata, Calabria and Apulia), a total of 36 sites were selected for this paper. Twenty-four sites fall within Class I, i.e., were extremely attractive (D ≥ 0.85; CSES) because of their exceptional geomorphological settings that favour a wide variety of coastal sceneries. Most of Class II (8) and Class III (4) sites could be upgraded by implementing clean-up operations or by reducing intrusive beach facilities. Meanwhile “private” beaches are usually cleaned; beach litter at remote/public sites represents a big concern to be challenged. Today, finding a free/aesthetic/clean beach without human intrusions in a fully natural environment is far more complex than it seems. Given this context, emphasis was particularly placed on beach litter and concessions aspects.

Suggested Citation

  • Alexis Mooser & Giorgio Anfuso & Enzo Pranzini & Angela Rizzo & Pietro P. C. Aucelli, 2023. "Beach Scenic Quality versus Beach Concessions: Case Studies from Southern Italy," Land, MDPI, vol. 12(2), pages 1-26, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jlands:v:12:y:2023:i:2:p:319-:d:1045244
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Alexis Mooser & Giorgio Anfuso & Carlos Mestanza & Allan Thomas Williams, 2018. "Management Implications for the Most Attractive Scenic Sites along the Andalusia Coast (SW Spain)," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(5), pages 1-26, April.
    2. Alexis Mooser & Giorgio Anfuso & Lluís Gómez-Pujol & Angela Rizzo & Allan T. Williams & Pietro P. C. Aucelli, 2021. "Coastal Scenic Beauty and Sensitivity at the Balearic Islands, Spain: Implication of Natural and Human Factors," Land, MDPI, vol. 10(5), pages 1-36, April.
    3. Buongiorno, Alessandro & Intini, Mario, 2021. "Sustainable tourism and mobility development in natural protected areas: Evidence from Apulia," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 101(C).
    4. Irene Cinelli & Giorgio Anfuso & Sandro Privitera & Enzo Pranzini, 2021. "An Overview on Railway Impacts on Coastal Environment and Beach Tourism in Sicily (Italy)," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(13), pages 1-18, June.
    5. Maria Carla de Francesco & Maria Laura Carranza & Marco Varricchione & Francesco Pio Tozzi & Angela Stanisci, 2019. "Natural Protected Areas as Special Sentinels of Littering on Coastal Dune Vegetation," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(19), pages 1-16, October.
    6. Alexis Mooser & Giorgio Anfuso & Hristo Stanchev & Margarita Stancheva & Allan T. Williams & Pietro P. C. Aucelli, 2022. "Most Attractive Scenic Sites of the Bulgarian Black Sea Coast: Characterization and Sensitivity to Natural and Human Factors," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(1), pages 1-35, January.
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