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Physical Activity Levels and Social Cognitive Theory Correlates among Adults with Crohn’s Disease: Preliminary Results from a Cross-Sectional Analysis

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  • Whitney N. Neal

    (Department of Health Behavior, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA)

  • Dorothy Pekmezi

    (Department of Health Behavior, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA)

  • Robert W. Motl

    (Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 61820, USA)

Abstract

There is increasing research and clinical interest in physical activity (PA) as an adjuvant therapy for improving health outcomes among persons with Crohn’s disease. To date, little is known regarding PA behavior and its cognitive and behavioral correlates in Crohn’s disease. Thus, we assessed self-reported PA and its social cognitive theory (SCT) correlates in a sample of persons with Crohn’s disease. Data on demographic and clinical characteristics, disease activity, leisure-time PA, and SCT variables were collected from 30 participants with Crohn’s disease (90% White, 60% female) through an online survey. SCT variables assessed included exercise self-efficacy, social support, outcome expectations, goal setting, and planning. Analyses involved comparing PA levels and SCT survey scores using independent sample t -tests and non-parametric bivariate correlations. The majority of participants were in clinical remission (60%) and over half (57%) were classified as physically active, yet the mean PA level was lower than normative values for adults. Females ( n = 18) and participants who reported previous surgery for Crohn’s disease ( n = 18) were almost twice as physically active as male participants and those without a history of Crohn’s disease-related surgery, respectively ( p ’s < 0.05). Overall, participants who reported greater exercise goal setting behaviors had higher levels of PA (r s = 0.34; p < 0.05). These findings highlight lower overall levels of PA in persons with Crohn’s disease, and exercise goal setting represents a potential target of behavior change interventions for increasing PA in this population.

Suggested Citation

  • Whitney N. Neal & Dorothy Pekmezi & Robert W. Motl, 2024. "Physical Activity Levels and Social Cognitive Theory Correlates among Adults with Crohn’s Disease: Preliminary Results from a Cross-Sectional Analysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 21(4), pages 1-11, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:21:y:2024:i:4:p:462-:d:1372903
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Thomas R. Wójcicki & Siobhan M. White & Edward McAuley, 2009. "Assessing Outcome Expectations in Older Adults: The Multidimensional Outcome Expectations for Exercise Scale," The Journals of Gerontology: Series B, The Gerontological Society of America, vol. 64(1), pages 33-40.
    2. Lindsay Bottoms & Dean Leighton & Roger Carpenter & Simon Anderson & Louise Langmead & John Ramage & James Faulkner & Elizabeth Coleman & Caroline Fairhurst & Michael Seed & Garry Tew, 2019. "Affective and enjoyment responses to 12 weeks of high intensity interval training and moderate continuous training in adults with Crohn’s disease," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 14(9), pages 1-13, September.
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