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Performance Parameters in Competitive Alpine Skiing Disciplines of Slalom, Giant Slalom and Super-Giant Slalom

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  • Lidia B. Alejo

    (Faculty of Sports Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, C/Tajo, s/n, 28670 Madrid, Spain
    Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), 28041 Madrid, Spain)

  • Jaime Gil-Cabrera

    (Faculty of Sports Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, C/Tajo, s/n, 28670 Madrid, Spain
    Royal Spanish Winter Sports Federation, 28703 San Sebastian de los Reyes, Spain)

  • Almudena Montalvo-Pérez

    (Faculty of Sports Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, C/Tajo, s/n, 28670 Madrid, Spain)

  • David Barranco-Gil

    (Faculty of Sports Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, C/Tajo, s/n, 28670 Madrid, Spain)

  • Jaime Hortal-Fondón

    (Faculty of Sports Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, C/Tajo, s/n, 28670 Madrid, Spain)

  • Archit Navandar

    (Faculty of Sports Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, C/Tajo, s/n, 28670 Madrid, Spain)

Abstract

The objective of this study was to describe the kinematic patterns and impacts in male and female skiers in the super-giant slalom, giant slalom and slalom disciplines of an international alpine skiing competition using a portable Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) technology device. Fifteen skiers (males, n = 9, females, n = 6) volunteered to participate in this study. Data acquisition was carried out using a wireless inertial measurement device (WIMUTM PRO: hybrid location system GNSS at 18 Hz with a precision locator UltraWideband UWD (<10 cm) and 3D accelerometers 1000 Hz) where distances covered in different speed and acceleration thresholds and impacts above 5g were recorded in each of the disciplines. Male and female alpine skiers showed different physical parameters and impacts even though they competed in the same courses in the disciplines of slalom, giant slalom and super-giant slalom (total impacts: p < 0.001; impacts > 7 g: p = 0.013; impacts 6.1–7 g: p = 0.002; impacts 5.1–6 g: p = 0.006). In male skiers, the distances traveled at different speed thresholds have a direct relation to the ranking of skiers, but this ideal threshold decreased as the technicality of the discipline increased. In the case of female skiers, although no relation was seen with the speed thresholds, greater distances covered at medium accelerations improved skiing performance. The external load in alpine skiing varied based on sex and discipline. This information could be essential to develop sex-specific and discipline-specific training programs in alpine skiing.

Suggested Citation

  • Lidia B. Alejo & Jaime Gil-Cabrera & Almudena Montalvo-Pérez & David Barranco-Gil & Jaime Hortal-Fondón & Archit Navandar, 2021. "Performance Parameters in Competitive Alpine Skiing Disciplines of Slalom, Giant Slalom and Super-Giant Slalom," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(5), pages 1-11, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:5:p:2628-:d:511495
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Jesus Vicente Gimenez & Jorge Garcia-Unanue & Archit Navandar & David Viejo-Romero & Javier Sanchez-Sanchez & Leonor Gallardo & Antonio Hernandez-Martin & Jose Luis Felipe, 2020. "Comparison between Two Different Device Models 18 Hz GPS Used for Time–Motion Analyses in Ecological Testing of Football," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(6), pages 1-9, March.
    2. David García-Santos & José Pino-Ortega & Javier García-Rubio & Alejandro Vaquera & Sergio J. Ibáñez, 2019. "Internal and External Demands in Basketball Referees during the U-16 European Women’s Championship," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(18), pages 1-18, September.
    3. Matthias Gilgien & Philip Crivelli & Jörg Spörri & Josef Kröll & Erich Müller, 2015. "Characterization of Course and Terrain and Their Effect on Skier Speed in World Cup Alpine Ski Racing," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 10(3), pages 1-25, March.
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