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Consideration of the Psychological and Mental Health of the Elderly during COVID-19: A Theoretical Review

Author

Listed:
  • Kunho Lee

    (Department of Counselling Psychology, Sahmyook University, Seoul 01795, Korea)

  • Goo-Churl Jeong

    (Department of Counselling Psychology, Sahmyook University, Seoul 01795, Korea)

  • JongEun Yim

    (Department of Physical Therapy, Sahmyook University, Seoul 01795, Korea
    Active Aging Research Institute, Sahmyook University, Seoul 01795, Korea)

Abstract

COVID-19 has spread worldwide causing an unprecedented public health crisis. After the World Health Organization declared a pandemic in March 2020, the number of confirmed cases and deaths has continued to increase. This situation may be prolonged until an effective, tested, and safe treatment is available. COVID-19 can occur at any age. However, the maximum confirmed cases and deaths have occurred among the elderly. Particularly, the mental and physical health of the elderly aged above 60 and classified as high-risk groups is more vulnerable than other age groups, requiring more attention. Strong social restraint, social distancing, and quarantine measures to prevent the COVID-19 spread have raised concerns about their mental health. Therefore, it is crucial to analyze and identify the psychological concepts and protective factors that support and constitute these guidelines and strategies and prepare practical suggestions and guidelines to protect the mental health of the elderly during COVID-19. These discussions will facilitate a deeper understanding and expansion of these guidelines and strategies. Therefore, this study explores factors—including pandemic-induced stress, self-integration, self-efficacy, and resilience—in order to prepare practical and detailed suggestions and guidelines using studies that considered these factors, including coping with COVID-19-induced stress, social support, and physical activity.

Suggested Citation

  • Kunho Lee & Goo-Churl Jeong & JongEun Yim, 2020. "Consideration of the Psychological and Mental Health of the Elderly during COVID-19: A Theoretical Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(21), pages 1-11, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:21:p:8098-:d:439297
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    2. Gerst-Emerson, K. & Jayawardhana, J., 2015. "Loneliness as a public health issue: The impact of loneliness on health care utilization among older adults," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 105(5), pages 1013-1019.
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    9. Alberto Sardella & Vittorio Lenzo & George A. Bonanno & Giorgio Basile & Maria C. Quattropani, 2021. "Expressive Flexibility and Dispositional Optimism Contribute to the Elderly’s Resilience and Health-Related Quality of Life during the COVID-19 Pandemic," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(4), pages 1-14, February.
    10. Yang Li & Zhi Lin & Yibo Wu, 2022. "Exploring Depression among the Elderly during the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Effects of the Big Five, Media Use, and Perceived Social Support," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(20), pages 1-12, October.
    11. Khaled Trabelsi & Achraf Ammar & Liwa Masmoudi & Omar Boukhris & Hamdi Chtourou & Bassem Bouaziz & Michael Brach & Ellen Bentlage & Daniella How & Mona Ahmed & Patrick Mueller & Notger Mueller & Hsen , 2021. "Sleep Quality and Physical Activity as Predictors of Mental Wellbeing Variance in Older Adults during COVID-19 Lockdown: ECLB COVID-19 International Online Survey," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(8), pages 1-18, April.
    12. Min Jin Jin & Sung Man Bae, 2023. "The Effect of Social Isolation, Loneliness, and Physical Activity on Depressive Symptoms of Older Adults during COVID-19: A Moderated Mediation Analysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 21(1), pages 1-11, December.
    13. Masood A. Badri & Mugheer A. Alkhaili & Hamad Aldhaheri & Guang Yang & Muna Albahar & Asma Alrashdi & Bushra Almulla & Layla Alhyas, 2021. "Experiencing the Unprecedented COVID-19 Lockdown: Abu Dhabi Older Adults’ Challenges and Concerns," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(24), pages 1-17, December.
    14. Fupeng Zhang & Lei Shi & Simian Liu & Jiaqi Shi & Mengfei Cheng & Tansheng Xiang, 2022. "The Ancient Town Residential Environment of the Elderly in Xiangxi Tujia: Survey, Questions, and Recommendations," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(17), pages 1-25, August.
    15. Hsiao-Hsien Lin & Tzu-Yun Lin & Chun-Wei Hsu & Che-Hsiu Chen & Qi-Yuan Li & Po-Hsuan Wu, 2022. "Moderating Effects of Religious Tourism Activities on Environmental Risk, Leisure Satisfaction, Physical and Mental Health and Well-Being among the Elderly in the Context of COVID-19," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(21), pages 1-17, November.
    16. Hung Viet Nguyen & Haewon Byeon, 2022. "Explainable Deep-Learning-Based Depression Modeling of Elderly Community after COVID-19 Pandemic," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 10(23), pages 1-10, November.

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