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Leverage Ratios, Industry Norms, and Stock Price Reaction: An Empirical Investigation of Stock-for-Debt Transactions

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  • Robert M. Hull

Abstract

In this paper, I extend the stock-for-debt research by investigating whether stock value is influenced by how a firm changes its leverage ratio in relationship to its industry leverage ratio norm. I find that announcement-period stock returns for firms moving "away from" industry debt-to-equity norms are significantly more negative than returns for firms moving "closer to" these norms. This finding is consistent with optimal capital structure theory if industry debt-to-equity norms are reasonable approximations of wealth maximizing leverage ratios.

Suggested Citation

  • Robert M. Hull, 1999. "Leverage Ratios, Industry Norms, and Stock Price Reaction: An Empirical Investigation of Stock-for-Debt Transactions," Financial Management, Financial Management Association, vol. 28(2), Summer.
    • Handle: RePEc:fma:fmanag:hull99
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    Cited by:

    1. Gulnur Muradoglu & Morten Bakke & Gyrid Kvernes, 2005. "An investment strategy based on gearing ratio," Applied Economics Letters, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 12(13), pages 801-804.
    2. Yang Qiao & Yiping Xia & Xiang Li & Zheng Li & Yan Ge, 2023. "Higher-order Graph Attention Network for Stock Selection with Joint Analysis," Papers 2306.15526, arXiv.org.
    3. Emanuela Giacomini & David Ling & Andy Naranjo, 2015. "Leverage and Returns: A Cross-Country Analysis of Public Real Estate Markets," The Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics, Springer, vol. 51(2), pages 125-159, August.
    4. Schrand, Catherine M. & Zechman, Sarah L.C., 2012. "Executive overconfidence and the slippery slope to financial misreporting," Journal of Accounting and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 53(1), pages 311-329.
    5. Evaldo Guimarães Barbosa & Cristiana De Castro Moraes, 2003. "Determinants Of The Firm’S Capital Structure - The Case Of The Very Small Enterprises," Finance 0302001, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 06 Oct 2003.
    6. Murray Z. Frank & Vidhan K. Goyal, 2009. "Capital Structure Decisions: Which Factors Are Reliably Important?," Financial Management, Financial Management Association International, vol. 38(1), pages 1-37, March.
    7. Harjeet S. Bhabra & Tong Liu & Dogan Tirtiroglu, 2008. "Capital Structure Choice in a Nascent Market: Evidence from Listed Firms in China," Financial Management, Financial Management Association International, vol. 37(2), pages 341-364, June.
    8. İbrahim Yarba & Z. Nuray Güner, 2020. "Leverage dynamics: Do financial development and government leverage matter? Evidence from a major developing economy," Empirical Economics, Springer, vol. 59(5), pages 2473-2507, November.
    9. Elif Acar & Gamze Vural & Emin Hüseyin Çetenak, 2020. "Evidence for Financial Hierarchy Theory in Capital Structure Decisions: Data from BIST Companies," Bogazici Journal, Review of Social, Economic and Administrative Studies, Bogazici University, Department of Economics, vol. 34(1), pages 29-50.
    10. Muradoğlu, Yaz Gülnur & Sivaprasad, Sheeja, 2012. "Capital structure and abnormal returns," International Business Review, Elsevier, vol. 21(3), pages 328-341.
    11. Robert Ślepaczuk & Grzegorz Zakrzewski & Paweł Sakowski, 2012. "Investment strategies beating the market. What can we squeeze from the market?," Working Papers 2012-04, Faculty of Economic Sciences, University of Warsaw.
    12. Pinto, João M. & Silva, Cátia S., 2021. "Does export intensity affect corporate leverage? Evidence from Portuguese SMEs," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 38(C).
    13. Gil Cohen & Joseph Yagil, 2010. "Sectorial differences in corporate financial behavior: an international survey," The European Journal of Finance, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 16(3), pages 245-262.
    14. Woei-Chyuan Wong & Sharmilawati Sabki & Angappan Regupathi & Syed Mohd. Na’im Syed Salim, 2019. "Malaysian SMEs’ Liability Structure and Its Impact on Profitability and Growth," Asian Academy of Management Journal of Accounting and Finance (AAMJAF), Penerbit Universiti Sains Malaysia, vol. 15(2), pages 77-94.
    15. Süleyman Serdar KARACA & Hatice Neriman BAŞDEMİR, 2012. "The Applicability Of Artificial Neural Network Method Upon Prediction Of Rate Of Stock Return: Example Of 2008 Financial Crisis," Journal of Applied Economic Sciences, Spiru Haret University, Faculty of Financial Management and Accounting Craiova, vol. 7(2(20)/ Su), pages 131-139.
    16. Ślepaczuk Robert & Sakowski Paweł & Zakrzewski Grzegorz, 2018. "Investment Strategies that Beat the Market. What Can We Squeeze from the Market?," Financial Internet Quarterly (formerly e-Finanse), Sciendo, vol. 14(4), pages 36-55, December.

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