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Operations management delle cure primarie: quali standard di servizio per servire l?intera popolazione cronica?

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  • Angelica Zazzera
  • Francesco Longo

Abstract

I volumi dei pazienti presi in carico dai presidi territoriali di cure primarie sono destinati a crescere a causa dei trend demografici e della crescente diffusione di patologie croniche. Allo stesso tempo, le aspettative dei pazienti in termini di servizio e qualita delle cure sono in aumento. I sistemi territoriali si devono dotare di logiche per governare i processi, come gli strumenti di operations management, soprattutto per gestire i rilevanti volumi di prestazioni potenzialmente indotti dalle patologie croniche, per riprogrammarli in un?ottica di presa in carico del paziente. Il presente lavoro applica logiche di operations management a una tipologia di setting assistenziale territoriale chiamato "presidio di erogazione delle cure primarie", focalizzandosi sulla capacita esistente in termini di dotazione e mix di professionisti e indagando il gap esistente rispetto alla capacita desiderata per la presa in carico della cronicita. In particolare, la domanda di ricerca del presente lavoro si concentra sull?analisi della coerenza tra la dotazione del personale medico e infermieristico dei presidi di erogazione delle cure primarie e i carichi di lavoro necessari a garantire una presa in carico universalistica del paziente cronico. Dallo studio emerge: a) l?utilita di applicare logiche di operations management nelle cure primarie per comprendere gap tra bisogni e offerta; b) la necessita di definire priorita cliniche o di riconfigurare gli skill-mix dei professionisti per mantenere ambizioni universalistiche; c) la particolare coerenza delle logiche di operations management nelle cure primarie, essendo l?epidemiologia e la cura delle cronicita particolarmente adatte a logiche di clusterizzazione dei pazienti e standardizzazione dei servizi. Inoltre, il modello di analisi utilizzato permette di verificare la presenza di un gap tra la domanda assistenziale che deriva dalle patologie croniche e la disponibilita di personale medico e infermieristico, mostrando un contesto in cui la capacita attuale di risorse del personale nel sistema e in generale insufficiente per assicurare una presa in carico universalistica dei pazienti cronici. I servizi territoriali in genere e le cure primarie in particolare sono distanti da prassi di operations management: l?indagine svolta utilizzando le evidenze della Regione Emilia-Romagna mostra l?economicita dello strumento.

Suggested Citation

  • Angelica Zazzera & Francesco Longo, 2018. "Operations management delle cure primarie: quali standard di servizio per servire l?intera popolazione cronica?," MECOSAN, FrancoAngeli Editore, vol. 2018(108), pages 55-73.
  • Handle: RePEc:fan:mesame:v:html10.3280/mesa2018-108004
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Pablo Santibáñez & Vincent Chow & John French & Martin Puterman & Scott Tyldesley, 2009. "Reducing patient wait times and improving resource utilization at British Columbia Cancer Agency’s ambulatory care unit through simulation," Health Care Management Science, Springer, vol. 12(4), pages 392-407, December.
    2. Antonella Cifalin? & Stefano Villa, 2016. "La gestione dei flussi logistici nell?assistenza territoriale: modelli e driver di cambiamento," MECOSAN, FrancoAngeli Editore, vol. 2016(99), pages 9-42.
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