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Insurgency, crime, and agricultural labor expenditure: Evidence from Punjab, 1978-1990

Author

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  • Prakarsh Singh

    (Amherst College, Amherst, MA, USA)

Abstract

Using micro-level farmer expenditure surveys, this article studies the insurgency in the Punjab region of India, thought to have cost over 20,000 lives. It finds that the violence is statistically associated with an 11.4 percent decline in spending on permanent agricultural labor but did not have a statistically significant effect on the use of temporary labor. Moreover, insurgency-related violence likely signaled an increase in future kidnappings of farm labor and may have incentivized labor away from longer duration contracts. Richer farmsteads appear to be more sensitive to insurgent violence than poorer ones in reducing their labor spending.

Suggested Citation

  • Prakarsh Singh, 2012. "Insurgency, crime, and agricultural labor expenditure: Evidence from Punjab, 1978-1990," Economics of Peace and Security Journal, EPS Publishing, vol. 7(2), pages 33-40, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:epc:journl:v:7:y:2012:i:2:p:33-40
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    File URL: http://www.epsjournal.org.uk/index.php/EPSJ/article/view/141
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    Cited by:

    1. Singh, Prakarsh & Shemyakina, Olga N., 2016. "Gender-differential effects of terrorism on education: The case of the 1981–1993 Punjab insurgency," Economics of Education Review, Elsevier, vol. 54(C), pages 185-210.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Insurgency; labor; crime;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • D74 - Microeconomics - - Analysis of Collective Decision-Making - - - Conflict; Conflict Resolution; Alliances; Revolutions
    • O1 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development

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