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Desigualdad salarial y potencial de mercado. Evidencia para México

Author

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  • Cardoso-Vargas, Carlos Enrique

    (Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona)

Abstract

This paper examines the relationship between market potential and wages of manufacturing workers in the states of Mexico, using a standard model of New Economic Geography. The evaluation is considered an important aspect in developing countries, such as the distinction between formal and informal workers. The estimates show that, in general, the elasticity of market potential on wages is 0.082, which is robust to different measures related to the theories of agglomeration and endogeneity problems and spatial autocorrelation. It is also found that wages of informal workers are less sensitive to changes in market potential compared to the wages of formal employees and benefit from externalities generated by the presence of foreign firms. A simulation suggests that up to 10.7% of the wage gap between workers in states bordering North America and located in southern Mexico can be attributed to economic geography; this effect is smaller for informal workers and for the case of formal doubles.// Este artículo examina la relación entre el potencial de mercado y los salarios de los trabajadores manufactureros en las entidades federativas de México, utilizando un modelo estándar de Nueva Geografía Económica (NGE). En la evaluación se considera un aspecto relevante en países en desarrollo, como lo es la distinción entre trabajadores formales e informales. Las estimaciones arrojan que, en general, la elasticidad del potencial de mercado sobre los salarios es de 0.082, la cual es robusta a diversas medidas relacionadas con las teorías de aglomeración urbana y a problemas de endogeneidad y autocorrelación espacial. También se encuentra que los salarios de los trabajadores informales son menos sensibles a cambios en el potencial de mercado en comparación con los salarios de los empleados formales y se benefician de externalidades generadas por la presencia de firmas extranjeras. Una simulación sugiere que hasta 10.7% de la diferencia salarial entre trabajadores de los estados fronterizos con los Estados Unidos y los localizados en el sur de México, puede atribuirse a la geografía económica; este efecto es menor para los trabajadores informales y para el caso de los formales se duplica

Suggested Citation

  • Cardoso-Vargas, Carlos Enrique, 2016. "Desigualdad salarial y potencial de mercado. Evidencia para México," El Trimestre Económico, Fondo de Cultura Económica, vol. 0(329), pages .185-220, enero-mar.
  • Handle: RePEc:elt:journl:v:83:y:2016:i:329:p:185-220
    DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.20430/ete.v83i329.196
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    File URL: http://www.eltrimestreeconomico.com.mx/index.php/te/article/view/196/194
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    Cited by:

    1. Cardoso-Vargas, Carlos-Enrique, 2016. "Does the Type of Neighbor Matter?: Evidence of heterogeneous Export Spillovers on Domestic Companies in Mexico," MPRA Paper 70212, University Library of Munich, Germany.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    desigualdad salarial; economías de aglomeración; nueva geografía económica; sector formal e informal;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • J31 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Wages, Compensation, and Labor Costs - - - Wage Level and Structure; Wage Differentials
    • R12 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - General Regional Economics - - - Size and Spatial Distributions of Regional Economic Activity; Interregional Trade (economic geography)
    • F12 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Models of Trade with Imperfect Competition and Scale Economies; Fragmentation
    • O17 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Formal and Informal Sectors; Shadow Economy; Institutional Arrangements

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