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¿Debe la América Latina temerle a China?

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Author Info
Lora, Eduardo (Departamento de Investigación, Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo)
Abstract

This paper compares growth conditions in China and Latin America to assess fears that China will displace Latin America in the coming decades. China’s strengths include the size of the economy, macroeconomic stability, abundant low-cost labor, the rapid expansion of physical infrastructure, and the ability to innovate. China’s weaknesses, stemming from insufficient separation between market and State, include poor corporate governance, a fragile financial system and misallocation of savings. Both regions share important weaknesses: the rule of law is weak, corruption endemic and education is low and very poorly distributed. Although fears on manufacturing and foreign direct investment diversion are overblown, China may be a source of international financial instability with potentially damaging effects for Latin America.// Este artículo compara las condiciones de crecimiento económico de China y de la América Latina con el fin de evaluar los temores de que la economía china desplace a la latinoamericana en los próximos decenios. Las fortalezas de China se basan en el tamaño de su economía, su estabilidad macroeconómica, la abundante mano de obra barata, la rápida expansión de la infraestructura física y la capacidad para innovar. Las debilidades de China tienen su origen en la poca separación que existe entre el mercado y el Estado e incluyen la débil gobernabilidad corporativa, un sistema financiero frágil y una mala asignación del ahorro. La América Latina y China comparten debilidades importantes: el imperio de la ley es débil, la corrupción endémica y la escolaridad es baja y mal distribuida. Aunque los temores de desplazamiento de los sectores industriales y de la inversión extranjera son exagerados, China puede ser una fuente de inestabilidad financiera internacional con efectos potencialmente muy dañinos para la América Latina.

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Publisher Info
Article provided by Fondo de Cultura Económica in its journal El Trimestre Económico.

Volume (Year): LXXII (3) (2005)
Issue (Month): 287 (julio-septiembre)
Pages: 459-493
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Handle: RePEc:elt:journl:v:72:y:2005:i:287:p:459-493

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Web page: http://www.fondodeculturaeconomica.com/

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Postal: Order print issues with Irma Barron at Fondo de Cultura Económica, El Trimestre Económico, Carretera Picacho Ajusco 227, 6° piso,Col. Bosques del Pedregal, CP 14738, Tlalpan, Distrito Federal, México
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Related research
Keywords: China; América Latina; crecimiento económico; competitividad; ambiente de inversión;

Find related papers by JEL classification:
E66 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Macroeconomic Policy, Macroeconomic Aspects of Public Finance, and General Outlook - - - General Outlook and Conditions
O57 - Economic Development, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economywide Country Studies - - - Comparative Studies of Countries
P52 - Economic Systems - - Comparative Economic Systems - - - Comparative Studies of Particular Economies

Statistics
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This page was last updated on 2009-12-3.


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