IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/elt/journl/v72y2005i285p133-178.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Mercados laborales locales y desigualdad salarial en México

Author

Listed:
  • Meza González, Liliana

    (Universidad Iberoamericana)

Abstract

Using data from the Urban Employment Survey for the 1988-1999 period, this paper shows an increasing wage inequality in Mexico during the 90s. The paper analyzes the trend of 3 different inequality measures in 16 different local labor markets and shows that the rising Mexican wage inequality is concentrated in the southern and central cities, while northern cities seem to have experienced significant wage inequality drops. Using the variability in the inequality measures at a local level, the analysis combines cross section and time series data to understand the role local demographic, industrial and economic characteristics have played in the rising inequality. Local economic activity, employment in the service sector, and occupational opportunities for executives seem to be positively correlated with rising wage inequality, while more agricultural employment and occupational opportunities for mildly educated workers seem to be negatively correlated with it.// Con datos de la Encuesta Nacional de Empleo Urbano para el periodo 1988-1999 el presente trabajo muestra una clara tendencia creciente en la desigualdad salarial en México, medida por el diferencial salarial 75-25, el diferencial salarial 50-10 y el premio a la educación superior. El trabajo analiza la pauta de cambios de estas medidas de desigualdad a nivel de mercados laborales locales y encuentra que el aumento en la desigualdad salarial nacional se concentra en algunas ciudades del centro y del sur del país, mientras que en el norte se observan disminuciones importantes en estos indicadores. Aprovechando la variabilidad local y temporal en las pautas de desigualdad, se realiza una estimación que combina datos de corte transversal con datos de series de tiempo, la cual sugiere que la terciarización de la actividad económica, así como el aumento en el empleo en el sector agrícola, inciden de manera positiva en la desigualdad salarial, lo mismo que los cambios en las estructuras ocupacionales que promueven la creación de puestos de trabajo para directivos y profesionistas. Por otro lado, las estimaciones sugieren que el aumento en la oferta de trabajadores con educación superior reduce la desigualdad salarial en la parte media de la distribución y el rendimiento de este tipo de calificación, pero que incrementa la desigualdad en la parte baja de la estructura salarial. El estudio muestra que el fenómeno de la creciente desigualdad salarial en México es multidimensional, y que las variaciones locales en este fenómeno permiten concluir que sus determinantes no se limitan a las reformas económicas estructurales y al cambio tecnológico sesgado.

Suggested Citation

  • Meza González, Liliana, 2005. "Mercados laborales locales y desigualdad salarial en México," El Trimestre Económico, Fondo de Cultura Económica, vol. 0(285), pages 133-178, enero-mar.
  • Handle: RePEc:elt:journl:v:72:y:2005:i:285:p:133-178
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    To our knowledge, this item is not available for download. To find whether it is available, there are three options:
    1. Check below whether another version of this item is available online.
    2. Check on the provider's web page whether it is in fact available.
    3. Perform a search for a similarly titled item that would be available.

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Eduardo Michel Camacho & Willy W. Cortez, 2012. "Distribución del ingreso y bienestar social en México 1984-2008," Estudios Económicos, El Colegio de México, Centro de Estudios Económicos, vol. 27(2), pages 347-378.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    desigualdad salarial; mercados laborales locales; distribución del ingreso; integración económica;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • J31 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Wages, Compensation, and Labor Costs - - - Wage Level and Structure; Wage Differentials
    • R23 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - Household Analysis - - - Regional Migration; Regional Labor Markets; Population
    • O54 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economywide Country Studies - - - Latin America; Caribbean

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:elt:journl:v:72:y:2005:i:285:p:133-178. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    We have no bibliographic references for this item. You can help adding them by using this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Nuria Pliego Vinageras (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.fondodeculturaeconomica.com/ .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.