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Social disorder, APOE-E4 genotype, and change in cognitive function among older adults living in Chicago

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  • Boardman, Jason D.
  • Barnes, Lisa L.
  • Wilson, Robert S.
  • Evans, Denis A.
  • de Leon, Carlos F. Mendes

Abstract

The goal of this paper is to describe the simultaneous influence of social and genetic risk factors on declines in cognitive functioning among older American adults. We use detailed information about the social characteristics of older adults' neighborhoods from the Chicago Health and Aging Project (n = 1655; ages 65+) in conjunction with information about respondent's APOE genotype to predict changes in cognitive function over time. Results indicate that the presence of the ɛ4 allele is associated with a significantly lower cognitive function score at baseline and greater declines in cognitive function compared to those without this risk allele. Importantly, we also show significant variation in the effect of the ɛ4 allele across neighborhoods and our results indicate that this genotype is more strongly associated with cognitive function for residents of neighborhoods with the lowest levels of social disorder. Our findings support the non-causal social push gene–environment interaction model.

Suggested Citation

  • Boardman, Jason D. & Barnes, Lisa L. & Wilson, Robert S. & Evans, Denis A. & de Leon, Carlos F. Mendes, 2012. "Social disorder, APOE-E4 genotype, and change in cognitive function among older adults living in Chicago," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 74(10), pages 1584-1590.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:socmed:v:74:y:2012:i:10:p:1584-1590
    DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2012.02.012
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Kathleen A. Cagney & Thomas A. Glass & Kimberly A. Skarupski & Lisa L. Barnes & Brian S. Schwartz & Carlos F. Mendes de Leon, 2009. "Neighborhood-Level Cohesion and Disorder: Measurement and Validation in Two Older Adult Urban Populations," The Journals of Gerontology: Series B, The Gerontological Society of America, vol. 64(3), pages 415-424.
    2. Boardman, J.D., 2009. "State-level moderation of genetic tendencies to smoke," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 99(3), pages 480-486.
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    Cited by:

    1. Jo Mhairi Hale, 2017. "Cognitive Disparities: The Impact of the Great Depression and Cumulative Inequality on Later-Life Cognitive Function," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 54(6), pages 2125-2158, December.
    2. Wörn, Jonathan & Ellwardt, Lea & Aartsen, Marja & Huisman, Martijn, 2017. "Cognitive functioning among Dutch older adults: Do neighborhood socioeconomic status and urbanity matter?," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 187(C), pages 29-38.
    3. Lauren Gaydosh & Daniel W. Belsky & Benjamin W. Domingue & Jason D. Boardman & Kathleen Mullan Harris, 2018. "Father Absence and Accelerated Reproductive Development in Non-Hispanic White Women in the United States," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 55(4), pages 1245-1267, August.
    4. Evans, Linnea & Engelman, Michal & Mikulas, Alex & Malecki, Kristen, 2021. "How are social determinants of health integrated into epigenetic research? A systematic review," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 273(C).
    5. Robinette, Jennifer W. & Boardman, Jason D., 2021. "Cognition in context: Pathways and compound risk in a sample of US non-Hispanic whites," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 283(C).

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