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The impact of driving status on out-of-home and social activity engagement among older Canadians

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  • Spinney, Jamie E.L.
  • Newbold, K. Bruce
  • Scott, Darren M.
  • Vrkljan, Brenda
  • Grenier, Amanda

Abstract

The loss of a driver's license can significantly limit a person's ability to engage in desired activities outside their home, which may, in turn, jeopardize their independence, well-being, and quality of life. This research seeks to quantify the impacts of driving status on out-of-home and social activity engagement among non-working older (≥ 65 years) Canadians, and the distribution of these impacts across socio-demographic and self-reported health domains. Nationally representative cross-sectional time diary data were used to measure the participation rates and daily durations of out-of-home and social activity engagement among non-working older Canadians who have a driver's license (i.e., drivers) and those who did not (i.e., non-drivers). Results indicate drivers were, on average, more than twice as likely to participate in out-of-home and social activities compared to non-drivers. However, the mean durations of activity engagement, among the participant sub-sample, appear largely invariant to driving status. Among the socio-demographic and self-reported health factors affecting out-of-home and social activity engagement, geography appears the most influential for participation rates and durations, particularly for non-drivers who live in small towns and rural areas. Due to demographic trends that suggest an increasing number of older Canadians will be unable to drive, communities should expect a commensurate increase in demand for alternate mobility options, which will inevitably require a variety of context-specific accessibility strategies.

Suggested Citation

  • Spinney, Jamie E.L. & Newbold, K. Bruce & Scott, Darren M. & Vrkljan, Brenda & Grenier, Amanda, 2020. "The impact of driving status on out-of-home and social activity engagement among older Canadians," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 85(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:jotrge:v:85:y:2020:i:c:s0966692319304259
    DOI: 10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2020.102698
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    1. Akinci, Zeynep S. & Marquet, Oriol & Delclòs-Alió, Xavier & Miralles-Guasch, Carme, 2022. "Urban vitality and seniors’ outdoor rest time in Barcelona," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 98(C).
    2. Hansen, Stine & Newbold, K. Bruce & Scott, Darren M. & Vrkljan, Brenda & Grenier, Amanda, 2020. "To drive or not to drive: Driving cessation amongst older adults in rural and small towns in Canada," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 86(C).
    3. Abe, Takumi & Seino, Satoshi & Hata, Toshiki & Yamashita, Mari & Ohmori, Nobuaki & Kitamura, Akihiko & Shinkai, Shoji & Fujiwara, Yoshinori, 2023. "Transportation modes and social participation in older drivers and non-drivers: Results from urbanised Japanese cities," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 109(C).

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