IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/jmvana/v181y2021ics0047259x20302542.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

The consistency and asymptotic normality of the kernel type expectile regression estimator for functional data

Author

Listed:
  • Mohammedi, Mustapha
  • Bouzebda, Salim
  • Laksaci, Ali

Abstract

The aim of this paper is to nonparametrically estimate the expectile regression in the case of a functional predictor and a scalar response. More precisely, we construct a kernel-type estimator of the expectile regression function. The main contribution of this study is the establishment of the asymptotic properties of the expectile regression estimator. Precisely, we establish the almost complete convergence with rate. Furthermore, we obtain the asymptotic normality of the proposed estimator under some mild conditions. We provide how to apply our results to construct the confidence intervals. The case of functional predictor is of particular interest and challenge, both from theoretical as well as practical point of view. We discuss the potential impacts of functional expectile regression in NFDA with a particular focus on the supervised classification, prediction and financial risk analysis problems. Finally, the finite-sample performances of the model and the estimation method are illustrated using the analysis of simulated data and real data coming from the financial risk analysis.

Suggested Citation

  • Mohammedi, Mustapha & Bouzebda, Salim & Laksaci, Ali, 2021. "The consistency and asymptotic normality of the kernel type expectile regression estimator for functional data," Journal of Multivariate Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 181(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:jmvana:v:181:y:2021:i:c:s0047259x20302542
    DOI: 10.1016/j.jmva.2020.104673
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0047259X20302542
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.jmva.2020.104673?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Laksaci, Ali & Lemdani, Mohamed & Ould-Sad, Elias, 2009. "A generalized L1-approach for a kernel estimator of conditional quantile with functional regressors: Consistency and asymptotic normality," Statistics & Probability Letters, Elsevier, vol. 79(8), pages 1065-1073, April.
    2. Germán Aneiros & Ricardo Cao & Philippe Vieu, 2019. "Editorial on the special issue on Functional Data Analysis and Related Topics," Computational Statistics, Springer, vol. 34(2), pages 447-450, June.
    3. Kuan, Chung-Ming & Yeh, Jin-Huei & Hsu, Yu-Chin, 2009. "Assessing value at risk with CARE, the Conditional Autoregressive Expectile models," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 150(2), pages 261-270, June.
    4. Gneiting, Tilmann, 2011. "Making and Evaluating Point Forecasts," Journal of the American Statistical Association, American Statistical Association, vol. 106(494), pages 746-762.
    5. Werner Ehm & Tilmann Gneiting & Alexander Jordan & Fabian Krüger, 2016. "Of quantiles and expectiles: consistent scoring functions, Choquet representations and forecast rankings," Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series B, Royal Statistical Society, vol. 78(3), pages 505-562, June.
    6. Johanna F. Ziegel, 2016. "Coherence And Elicitability," Mathematical Finance, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 26(4), pages 901-918, October.
    7. Bellini, Fabio & Bignozzi, Valeria & Puccetti, Giovanni, 2018. "Conditional expectiles, time consistency and mixture convexity properties," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 82(C), pages 117-123.
    8. Véronique Maume-Deschamps & Didier Rullière & Khalil Said, 2017. "Multivariate extensions of expectiles risk measures," Post-Print hal-01478930, HAL.
    9. Maume-Deschamps Véronique & Said Khalil & Rullière Didier, 2017. "Multivariate extensions of expectiles risk measures," Dependence Modeling, De Gruyter, vol. 5(1), pages 20-44, January.
    10. Germán Aneiros & Philippe Vieu, 2015. "Partial linear modelling with multi-functional covariates," Computational Statistics, Springer, vol. 30(3), pages 647-671, September.
    11. Abdelaati Daouia & Irène Gijbels & Gilles Stupfler, 2019. "Extremiles: A New Perspective on Asymmetric Least Squares," Journal of the American Statistical Association, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 114(527), pages 1366-1381, July.
    12. Abdelaati Daouia & Stéphane Girard & Gilles Stupfler, 2018. "Estimation of tail risk based on extreme expectiles," Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series B, Royal Statistical Society, vol. 80(2), pages 263-292, March.
    13. Fabio Bellini & Valeria Bignozzi, 2015. "On elicitable risk measures," Quantitative Finance, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 15(5), pages 725-733, May.
    14. Yao, Qiwei & Tong, Howell, 1996. "Asymmetric least squares regression estimation: a nonparametric approach," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 19423, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
    15. Bellini, Fabio & Klar, Bernhard & Müller, Alfred & Rosazza Gianin, Emanuela, 2014. "Generalized quantiles as risk measures," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 54(C), pages 41-48.
    16. Véronique Maume-Deschamps & Didier Rullière & Khalil Said, 2017. "Multivariate Extensions Of Expectiles Risk Measures," Working Papers hal-01367277, HAL.
    17. Nengxiang Ling & Shuyu Meng & Philippe Vieu, 2019. "Uniform consistency rate of kNN regression estimation for functional time series data," Journal of Nonparametric Statistics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 31(2), pages 451-468, April.
    18. Han Lin Shang, 2014. "Bayesian bandwidth estimation for a functional nonparametric regression model with mixed types of regressors and unknown error density," Journal of Nonparametric Statistics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 26(3), pages 599-615, September.
    19. Koenker, Roger W & Bassett, Gilbert, Jr, 1978. "Regression Quantiles," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 46(1), pages 33-50, January.
    20. Fahimah A. Al-Awadhi & Zoulikha Kaid & Ali Laksaci & Idir Ouassou & Mustapha Rachdi, 2019. "Functional data analysis: local linear estimation of the $$L_1$$ L 1 -conditional quantiles," Statistical Methods & Applications, Springer;Società Italiana di Statistica, vol. 28(2), pages 217-240, June.
    21. Koenker, Roger & Bassett, Gilbert, Jr, 1982. "Robust Tests for Heteroscedasticity Based on Regression Quantiles," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 50(1), pages 43-61, January.
    22. Fabio Bellini & Elena Di Bernardino, 2017. "Risk management with expectiles," The European Journal of Finance, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 23(6), pages 487-506, May.
    23. Silvia Novo & Germán Aneiros & Philippe Vieu, 2019. "Automatic and location-adaptive estimation in functional single-index regression," Journal of Nonparametric Statistics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 31(2), pages 364-392, April.
    24. Philippe Artzner & Freddy Delbaen & Jean‐Marc Eber & David Heath, 1999. "Coherent Measures of Risk," Mathematical Finance, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 9(3), pages 203-228, July.
    25. Kara, Lydia-Zaitri & Laksaci, Ali & Rachdi, Mustapha & Vieu, Philippe, 2017. "Data-driven kNN estimation in nonparametric functional data analysis," Journal of Multivariate Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 153(C), pages 176-188.
    26. Belkacem Abdous & Bruno Remillard, 1995. "Relating quantiles and expectiles under weighted-symmetry," Annals of the Institute of Statistical Mathematics, Springer;The Institute of Statistical Mathematics, vol. 47(2), pages 371-384, June.
    27. Aigner, D J & Amemiya, Takeshi & Poirier, Dale J, 1976. "On the Estimation of Production Frontiers: Maximum Likelihood Estimation of the Parameters of a Discontinuous Density Function," International Economic Review, Department of Economics, University of Pennsylvania and Osaka University Institute of Social and Economic Research Association, vol. 17(2), pages 377-396, June.
    28. Azzedine, Nadjia & Laksaci, Ali & Ould-Saïd, Elias, 2008. "On robust nonparametric regression estimation for a functional regressor," Statistics & Probability Letters, Elsevier, vol. 78(18), pages 3216-3221, December.
    29. Jones, M. C., 1994. "Expectiles and M-quantiles are quantiles," Statistics & Probability Letters, Elsevier, vol. 20(2), pages 149-153, May.
    30. Hahn, Jinyong, 1995. "Bootstrapping Quantile Regression Estimators," Econometric Theory, Cambridge University Press, vol. 11(1), pages 105-121, February.
    31. C. Crambes & L. Delsol & A. Laksaci, 2008. "Robust nonparametric estimation for functional data," Journal of Nonparametric Statistics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 20(7), pages 573-598.
    32. Susanne Emmer & Marie Kratz & Dirk Tasche, 2013. "What is the best risk measure in practice? A comparison of standard measures," Papers 1312.1645, arXiv.org, revised Apr 2015.
    33. Newey, Whitney K & Powell, James L, 1987. "Asymmetric Least Squares Estimation and Testing," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 55(4), pages 819-847, July.
    34. James W. Taylor, 2008. "Estimating Value at Risk and Expected Shortfall Using Expectiles," Journal of Financial Econometrics, Oxford University Press, vol. 6(2), pages 231-252, Spring.
    35. Aneiros, Germán & Cao, Ricardo & Fraiman, Ricardo & Genest, Christian & Vieu, Philippe, 2019. "Recent advances in functional data analysis and high-dimensional statistics," Journal of Multivariate Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 170(C), pages 3-9.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Sultana Didi & Salim Bouzebda, 2022. "Wavelet Density and Regression Estimators for Continuous Time Functional Stationary and Ergodic Processes," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 10(22), pages 1-37, November.
    2. Litimein, Ouahiba & Laksaci, Ali & Mechab, Boubaker & Bouzebda, Salim, 2023. "Local linear estimate of the functional expectile regression," Statistics & Probability Letters, Elsevier, vol. 192(C).
    3. Salim Bouzebda & Boutheina Nemouchi, 2023. "Weak-convergence of empirical conditional processes and conditional U-processes involving functional mixing data," Statistical Inference for Stochastic Processes, Springer, vol. 26(1), pages 33-88, April.
    4. Bouzebda, Salim & Chaouch, Mohamed, 2022. "Uniform limit theorems for a class of conditional Z-estimators when covariates are functions," Journal of Multivariate Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 189(C).
    5. Salim Bouzebda & Inass Soukarieh, 2022. "Non-Parametric Conditional U -Processes for Locally Stationary Functional Random Fields under Stochastic Sampling Design," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 11(1), pages 1-69, December.
    6. Fatimah Alshahrani & Ibrahim M. Almanjahie & Zouaoui Chikr Elmezouar & Zoulikha Kaid & Ali Laksaci & Mustapha Rachdi, 2022. "Functional Ergodic Time Series Analysis Using Expectile Regression," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 10(20), pages 1-17, October.
    7. Salim Bouzebda & Amel Nezzal & Tarek Zari, 2022. "Uniform Consistency for Functional Conditional U -Statistics Using Delta-Sequences," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 11(1), pages 1-39, December.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. James Ming Chen, 2018. "On Exactitude in Financial Regulation: Value-at-Risk, Expected Shortfall, and Expectiles," Risks, MDPI, vol. 6(2), pages 1-28, June.
    2. Taoufik Bouezmarni & Mohamed Doukali & Abderrahim Taamouti, 2023. "Testing Granger Non-Causality in Expectiles," University of East Anglia School of Economics Working Paper Series 2023-02, School of Economics, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK..
    3. Taoufik Bouezmarni & Mohamed Doukali & Abderrahim Taamouti, 2022. "Testing Granger Non-Causality in Expectiles," Working Papers 202207, University of Liverpool, Department of Economics.
    4. Stéphane Girard & Gilles Stupfler & Antoine Usseglio‐Carleve, 2022. "Nonparametric extreme conditional expectile estimation," Scandinavian Journal of Statistics, Danish Society for Theoretical Statistics;Finnish Statistical Society;Norwegian Statistical Association;Swedish Statistical Association, vol. 49(1), pages 78-115, March.
    5. Beck, Nicholas & Di Bernardino, Elena & Mailhot, Mélina, 2021. "Semi-parametric estimation of multivariate extreme expectiles," Journal of Multivariate Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 184(C).
    6. Said Khalil, 2022. "Expectile-based capital allocation," Working Papers hal-03816525, HAL.
    7. Litimein, Ouahiba & Laksaci, Ali & Mechab, Boubaker & Bouzebda, Salim, 2023. "Local linear estimate of the functional expectile regression," Statistics & Probability Letters, Elsevier, vol. 192(C).
    8. Maziar Sahamkhadam, 2021. "Dynamic copula-based expectile portfolios," Journal of Asset Management, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 22(3), pages 209-223, May.
    9. Daouia, Abdelaati & Girard, Stéphane & Stupfler, Gilles, 2018. "Tail expectile process and risk assessment," TSE Working Papers 18-944, Toulouse School of Economics (TSE).
    10. Tadese, Mekonnen & Drapeau, Samuel, 2020. "Relative bound and asymptotic comparison of expectile with respect to expected shortfall," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 93(C), pages 387-399.
    11. Daouia, Abdelaati & Padoan, Simone A. & Stupfler, Gilles, 2023. "Extreme expectile estimation for short-tailed data, with an application to market risk assessment," TSE Working Papers 23-1414, Toulouse School of Economics (TSE).
    12. Daouia, Abdelaati & Girard, Stéphane & Stupfler, Gilles, 2021. "ExpectHill estimation, extreme risk and heavy tails," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 221(1), pages 97-117.
    13. Daouia, Abdelaati & Stupfler, Gilles & Usseglio-Carleve, Antoine, 2023. "An expectile computation cookbook," TSE Working Papers 23-1458, Toulouse School of Economics (TSE).
    14. Girard, Stéphane & Stupfler, Gilles & Usseglio-Carleve, Antoine, 2022. "Functional estimation of extreme conditional expectiles," Econometrics and Statistics, Elsevier, vol. 21(C), pages 131-158.
    15. Matthias Fischer & Thorsten Moser & Marius Pfeuffer, 2018. "A Discussion on Recent Risk Measures with Application to Credit Risk: Calculating Risk Contributions and Identifying Risk Concentrations," Risks, MDPI, vol. 6(4), pages 1-28, December.
    16. Daouia, Abdelaati & Girard, Stéphane & Stupfler, Gilles, 2017. "Extreme M-quantiles as risk measures: From L1 to Lp optimization," TSE Working Papers 17-841, Toulouse School of Economics (TSE).
    17. Edgars Jakobsons & Steven Vanduffel, 2015. "Dependence Uncertainty Bounds for the Expectile of a Portfolio," Risks, MDPI, vol. 3(4), pages 1-25, December.
    18. C. Adam & I. Gijbels, 2022. "Local polynomial expectile regression," Annals of the Institute of Statistical Mathematics, Springer;The Institute of Statistical Mathematics, vol. 74(2), pages 341-378, April.
    19. Marcelo Brutti Righi & Fernanda Maria Muller & Marlon Ruoso Moresco, 2022. "A risk measurement approach from risk-averse stochastic optimization of score functions," Papers 2208.14809, arXiv.org, revised May 2023.
    20. Samuel Drapeau & Mekonnen Tadese, 2019. "Relative Bound and Asymptotic Comparison of Expectile with Respect to Expected Shortfall," Papers 1906.09729, arXiv.org, revised Jun 2020.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:jmvana:v:181:y:2021:i:c:s0047259x20302542. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/journaldescription.cws_home/622892/description#description .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.