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Ammonia fired gas turbines: Recent advances and future perspectives

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  • Pashchenko, Dmitry

Abstract

Transition to carbon-neutral energy generation is a reality, and great efforts are being made in this direction in the last years. Ammonia is a promising carbon-free fuel, and it can be used as a gas turbine fuel in existing power generation cycles without significant modification. This paper considers various aspects of the use of ammonia as a gas turbine fuel: it provides a review of existing ammonia-fired gas turbines and conducts a study of the prospective technology of using ammonia via thermochemical transformation into hydrogen-rich gas. Moreover, this paper considers on-board hydrogen production technology via thermochemical ammonia transformation. The ammonia fired chemically recuperated gas turbine is analyzed for which the thermal efficiency can be increased up to 5%–7% comparing to traditional gas turbines. Moreover, hydrogen-rich fuel with a hydrogen mole fraction up to 75% is used as a fuel, leading to more stable combustion with lower NOx emission up to 6–10 ppm. Additionally, an approach to on-board hydrogen production from ammonia via the utilization of solar energy is investigated. It is shown that solar energy can replace up to 25% of heat obtained via ammonia combustion. The paper discusses future perspectives in investigations for ammonia-fired gas turbines with on-board ammonia transformation.

Suggested Citation

  • Pashchenko, Dmitry, 2024. "Ammonia fired gas turbines: Recent advances and future perspectives," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 290(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:290:y:2024:i:c:s036054422400046x
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2024.130275
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