Peer-to-peer energy sharing model considering multi-objective optimal allocation of shared energy storage in a multi-microgrid system

A novel peer-to-peer (P2P) energy sharing model incorporating shared energy storage (SES) is proposed in order to effectively utilize renewable energy sources and facilitate flexible energy trading among microgrids. The model is divided into three main blocks. In the first block, a multi-objective optimal allocation scheme for SES is developed to maximize SES benefits, minimize carbon emissions, and enhance the sustainability of the energy sharing zone (ESZ). The second block introduces a new internal pricing mechanism based on the energy supply and demand ratio. Further, an innovative optimal scheduling strategy for the ESZ is presented in the third block, which includes demand response strategies for residential microgrids and control strategies for SES, with the goal of minimizing the energy cost of a multi-microgrid system (MMS). To solve the proposed complex and constrained model, a multi-objective slime mould algorithm based on generalized opposition-based learning and reference points is proposed. Simulation results demonstrate that the introduction of SES and energy sharing can reduce MMS's energy cost by 89.45 % and increase the sustainability index of ESZ by 9.08 %. The proposed P2P trading mechanism can strictly lock the internal trading prices within the grid prices, which fully mobilizes the microgrids to participate in P2P trading.