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Longitudinal trends in substance use and mental health service needs in child welfare

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  • Mowbray, Orion
  • Ryan, Joseph P.
  • Victor, Bryan G.
  • Bushman, Gregory
  • Yochum, Clayton
  • Perron, Brian E.

Abstract

Caregiver substance use and mental health problems have long been discussed as concerns in promoting positive child welfare outcomes. Yet the absence of longitudinal data focused on racial/ethnic differences in service needs and substance use has limited child welfare systems in their ability to address potential disparities. This study examines racial/ethnic trends in service needs and patterns of substances used among child welfare-involved caregivers over a 15-year period (2000–2015) from a large, urban county located in the Midwestern United States. Substance use service needs showed an increase over time among White non-Hispanic individuals, and declined over time for all racial/ethnic minority groups. Mental health service needs increased over time, with White non-Hispanic individuals experiencing the largest increase. Co-occurring service needs showed a moderate increase for all groups. Trends associated with service needs across the lifespan were relatively similar across racial and ethnic groups, with needs peaking between ages 30 and 35. When examining specific substances used, cocaine use decreased over time for all individuals. However, marijuana use increased substantially for Black/African American individuals, while opioid use increased substantially for White non-Hispanic individuals. These results highlight key areas where trends among child welfare-involved caregivers differ from population-based trends and suggest that improved coordination between child welfare agencies, mental health and substance use treatment providers may be a key step in reducing the disparities observed.

Suggested Citation

  • Mowbray, Orion & Ryan, Joseph P. & Victor, Bryan G. & Bushman, Gregory & Yochum, Clayton & Perron, Brian E., 2017. "Longitudinal trends in substance use and mental health service needs in child welfare," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 73(C), pages 1-8.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:cysrev:v:73:y:2017:i:c:p:1-8
    DOI: 10.1016/j.childyouth.2016.11.029
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Mowbray, Orion & Probert, Kylee & Jaramillo, Jamie & Kothari, Brianne H. & McBeath, Bowen, 2022. "Trajectories of mental health services for youth in foster care with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 140(C).
    2. Lin, Yu-An & Hedeker, Donald & Ryan, Joseph P. & Marsh, Jeanne C., 2020. "Longitudinal analysis of need-service matching for substance-involved parents in the child welfare system," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 114(C).
    3. Moreland, Angela & Newman, Carla & Crum, Kathleen I. & Are, Funlola, 2021. "Types of child maltreatment and child welfare involvement among opioid-using mothers involved in substance use treatment," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 126(C).
    4. Cheng, Tyrone C. & Lo, Celia C., 2020. "Mental health services receipt among caregivers in the child welfare system: A longitudinal analysis," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 113(C).
    5. Meinhofer, Angélica & Onuoha, Erica & Angleró-Díaz, Yohanis & Keyes, Katherine M., 2020. "Parental drug use and racial and ethnic disproportionality in the U.S. foster care system," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 118(C).
    6. Lynch, Sean & Sherman, Laura & Snyder, Susan M. & Mattson, Margaret, 2018. "Trends in infants reported to child welfare with neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS)," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 86(C), pages 135-141.

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