A novel SARCIMA model based on central difference and its application in solar power generation of China

Due to the influence of exogenous factors such as weather, solar power generation shows the characteristics of instability and volatility, so the prediction of solar power generation has become especially important. In this paper, a new seasonal central difference autoregressive moving average model abbreviate as SARCIMA is proposed to accurately predict solar power generation. Firstly, the non-stationary time series is subjected to central difference until the difference series is stationary. Then, by analyzing autocorrelation images and partial autocorrelation images respectively, the number of the autoregressive term p and the moving average term q are obtained, so as to obtain the ARCIMA model. Next, the seasonal difference is combined with the ARCIMA model, thus establishing the SARCIMA model. Finally, the new model is applied to the prediction of solar power generation data exhibiting periodic characteristics and compared with five competing models. Mean absolute percentage error and residuals are separately calculated as indicators to evaluate the accuracy and stability of the models. In addition, the prediction of solar power generation in the next three months shows that the new model has better effectiveness, which provides a scientific basis for predicting solar power generation in the future.